Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 149, Number 30: Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations

July 25, 2015

Statutory authority

Canada Consumer Product Safety Act

Sponsoring department

Department of Health

REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT

(This statement is not part of the Regulations.)

Executive summary

Background

Cribs, cradles and bassinets are intended to be used by infants and young children without adult supervision. Young children constitute a particularly vulnerable segment of the population because they cannot recognize potentially dangerous conditions and therefore require a higher degree of protection than adults. The proposed Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations (CCBR) would improve the safety of these products by specifying the minimum safety requirements that these products would need to meet in order to limit the risk of death and injury to users.

Canada's requirements for cribs, cradles and bassinets are among the most stringent in the world. However, Health Canada has identified safety concerns associated with traditional crib drop-sides. In addition, crib, cradle and bassinet manufacturers have requested greater alignment of the Canadian CCBR with other recognized international standards, specifically those of ASTM International.

Since the existing CCBR were introduced in 2010, a number of substantial issues relating to crib, cradle and bassinet safety, including hazards associated with traditional crib drop sides, crib mattress supports, and entrapment hazards from openings in fabric-sided products, have resulted in reported incidents in Canada. Health Canada has responded to these issues by negotiating voluntary recalls with industry and identifying improvements to the regulatory requirements to address these issues.

Health Canada launched a public consultation on September 29, 2010, regarding the development of a new regulatory proposal to prohibit traditional drop sides on cribs, improve the general safety of cribs, cradles and bassinets and further align Canadian and U.S. requirements.

Issues

Between 2010 and mid-September 2014, there were 35 recalls for cribs, cradles and bassinets, of which 14 were related to crib drop sides, 5 to crib slat strength, 2 to crib mattress supports and 2 to instructions for assembly and proper use. The U.S. CPSC has moved to address these issues in regulations.

Drop-side cribs generally have a tendency to be less structurally sound than cribs with fixed sides because of the additional stress caused by the repeated raising and lowering of the drop side. The hardware on these cribs has broken or deformed after routine use. When the drop side hardware breaks or deforms, the drop side can detach from the crib in one or more corners and create a space between the drop side and the crib mattress. The bodies of infants and toddlers have become entrapped in this space, which has led to suffocation. Complete detachment of the drop side from the crib has led to falls.

Between January 2000 and mid-September 2014, Health Canada received 104 complaints involving crib drop sides of all models sold in Canada, including those models that were ultimately recalled. The 104 reported drop-side complaints were associated with 94 non-injury-related incidents, 8 reports of bumps, scrapes and bruises, one report of a concussion, and one death. The death occurred in a crib where the original drop-side hardware had been replaced with parts that were not supplied by the manufacturer. The crib was also in a general state of disrepair.

The U.S. CPSC has adopted revised mandatory requirements for cribs. The new regulation requires that full-size cribs comply with the industry standard ASTM F1169-13. The United States CPSC has also adopted the industry standard for cradles and bassinets ASTM F2194-13a as law.

The ASTM F1169-13 standard for full-size cribs includes several new provisions, such as a restriction on crib sides that are not rigidly attached to the crib ends (the traditional style of crib drop-sides). Due to this new U.S. CPSC requirement, which is based on the voluntary industry standard, many industry members no longer manufacture or sell traditional drop-side cribs in the United States and Canada.

Objectives

The objective of the proposed CCBR is to improve the protection of the health and safety of young children with regard to the use of cribs, cradles and bassinets, including a specific focus on reducing injuries related to traditional drop-side cribs, and to further align Canada's safety requirements with those of the United States.

Description

The proposed CCBR of the CCPSA would repeal and replace the existing CCBR, which were promulgated under the Hazardous Products Act. They would enhance safety and better align Canada's safety requirements with those already adopted by the U.S. CPSC. This would be accomplished by strengthening construction and performance requirements through the following:

1. Prohibiting the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of cribs, cradles and bassinets with sides that are not rigidly attached to the crib, cradle or bassinet ends (i.e. traditional “drop sides”);
2. Updating the structural integrity test method for the mattress support vertical impacting of cribs and cradles such that it is more repeatable;
3. Adding an additional performance requirement and test method for crib slat strength;
4. Including a performance requirement to further safeguard against incorrect assembly of key structural components of cribs, cradles, bassinets and accessories;
5. Including performance requirements and test methods for accessories, such as sleep or change table accessories, that attach to cribs, cradles or bassinets;
6. Including performance requirements for the maximum rest angle and maximum flatness angle of cribs, cradles, bassinets, sleep accessories and stands;
7. Updating the completely bounded openings performance requirement and test method to clearly include cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories with sides made out of textile or other pliable materials, including removable textile or pliable material covers, under their scope;
8. Changing the performance requirement for the maximum height of corner posts from 3 mm to 1.5 mm;
9. Including a performance requirement and test method for the stability of cradles, bassinets and stands;
10. Introducing performance requirements and test methods for stands that are designed or advertised for use with cribs, cradles and bassinets;
11. Adding a performance requirement prohibiting the use of occupant restraints on cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories, and performance requirements and test methods limiting the length of cords and size of loops attached to cribs, cradles, bassinets, accessories and stands;
12. Including minor administrative revisions to other sections to improve clarity and readability; and
13. Providing a six-month transition period for the replacement of non-compliant cribs, cradles and bassinets available in the marketplace.

A more detailed description of the proposed requirements can be found below.

1. Prohibition of the sale, import, manufacture and advertisement of traditional drop-side cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories

In light of the safety concerns and alignment with the new U.S. requirements for cribs, Health Canada is proposing to prohibit the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of traditional drop-side cribs. This involves introducing a requirement that stipulates cribs with access sides having movable components intended to aid in access to the occupant must have those sides rigidly attached to the crib ends and contain no movable section less than 510 mm above the top of the mattress support in the lowest position. This also ensures that the movable portion of the crib access side does not create a toehold that could be used by the occupant to aid in climbing out of the crib. As traditional style drop sides on cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories pose the same hazard, the proposal also limits the movement of sides on these products to the uppermost portion.

2. Mattress support vertical impact test method for cribs and cradles

The current U.S. crib requirements feature a modified version of Health Canada's mattress support vertical impact test for cribs. In order to best align requirements, Health Canada and the U.S. CPSC have agreed upon a common set of test requirements for both countries. These testing specifications closely resemble the existing Canadian method, but involve changing certain parameters, such as the cycle frequency (to one impact for every four seconds from one impact per second) and the test mattress, to allow for greater repeatability of the test. The equipment and the test parameters will also be aligned with the modified ASTM F1169-13 version of the mattress support vertical impact test.

3. Crib slat strength performance requirement and test method

In Canada, the CCBR currently contain strict requirements relating to slats, where the slats must not turn, dislodge, deform or become damaged when tested. Despite these strict requirements, Health Canada continues to receive reports of crib slats breaking or disengaging. Cribs are intended to accommodate babies of an older age group than cradles and bassinets, and crib slats are subjected to greater wear and tear. As a result, Health Canada is proposing to also align its requirements with the more stringent performance requirements and testing parameters of the ASTM F1169-13 crib slat strength test, which would involve applying a 356 N pull force to 25% of the crib's slats.

4. Performance requirement for correct assembly of key structural components

Health Canada has received reports of incidents associated with the incorrect assembly of cribs. The incorrect assembly of cribs, cradles or bassinets has the potential to result in serious injury or death. Consequently, Health Canada proposes aligning its requirements with the new requirement in ASTM F1169-13 that stipulates crib designs must only allow for correct assembly of key structural components, such as side assemblies, end assemblies, mattress supports and stabilizing bars, or have permanent markings that indicate how to assemble the component. The proposed CCBR would require that these markings on cribs, cradles, bassinets, accessories and stands must be conspicuous in any misassembled state.

5. Accessory performance requirements and test methods

Accessories, such as sleep and change table accessories, are products that are designed or advertised for use with a crib, cradle or bassinet. They are designed to support the weight of a child and they can be placed on or fixed to the product with which they are used. Due to its structure, location, movement or failure, a crib, cradle or bassinet accessory may expose a product's occupant to hazards, including openings that could lead to entrapment. Health Canada is proposing to align its requirements with the performance requirements and test parameters for openings, detachment and cord/strap length that assess entrapment in crib accessories from ASTM F1169-13. Additionally, ASTM F1169-13 requires that accessories meet other applicable ASTM standards, such as those for bassinets and change tables. The proposed structural integrity tests for sleep accessories and change table accessories are from the ASTM bassinet and change table standards respectively.

6. Rest angle and mattress flatness performance requirements

The potential for serious injury or death is present when infants and young children are not placed to sleep on a firm and flat sleeping surface. To limit the potential for suffocation or entrapment, a maximum mattress flatness and maximum rest angle is proposed. Revised ASTM F2194-13a includes a maximum rest angle (for rocking or swinging bassinets and cradles of 7° from the horizontal and, through a change to the standard's scope, a 10° from the horizontal maximum allowable mattress flatness angle for all bassinets and cradles). To align its requirements with the U.S. CPSC's new requirements, Health Canada is proposing a maximum rest angle of 7° from the horizontal, which, according to current science, should provide an adequate level of protection, for rocking or swinging cribs, cradles, bassinets, sleep accessories and stands. Based on the current science and a Health Canada risk assessment, Health Canada is proposing a maximum mattress flatness angle of 7° from the horizontal. The rationale for this proposed angle, which is stricter than the U.S. requirement, is that 10° from the horizontal is an angle at which infants might not be able to keep their airways clear. Health Canada's proposal would still allow for some flexibility in manufacturing.

7. Completely bounded openings performance requirement and test method

Some cradles and bassinets are sold with textile or pliable material sides or a textile or pliable material cover that fits over the product's frame. These covers may include snaps or zippers that can be undone for ease of removal. Between January 2000 and mid-August 2010, Health Canada received one report of an infant becoming entrapped between the bars of a bassinet's metal frame and one report of an infant falling through the bars of a bassinet's frame. Both of these incidents occurred when the frame was exposed as a result of the cover becoming unfastened. Although the current CCBR include a requirement intended to ensure that the product does not have any hazardous openings in which a child could become entrapped or fall through, the U.S. CPSC has adopted additional requirements that specify cradles and bassinets are to be tested with the textile or pliable material on the product, but without the snaps, zippers, etc., fastened. However, the U.S. CPSC does not address cribs with removable covers. In the future, it is possible that cribs with covers may arrive on the market. Therefore, Health Canada is proposing a clarification to the Regulations with respect to the requirements for completely bounded openings for cribs, cradles and bassinets with sides made of a textile or other pliable material. This proposal includes a requirement specifying that cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories with removable covers that can be taken off without the use of tools should be assessed for completely bounded openings without the snaps, zippers, etc., fastened. This testing would assess the foreseeable situation in which all of the removable cover's fasteners have not been engaged after it has been removed for cleaning or replacement. This approach would improve safety should this situation be encountered in real life by minimizing the potential for hazardous openings being present in the product's frame. While the existing Canadian test method for completely bounded openings assesses the same hazard related to completely bounded openings as the U.S. requirement, it differs in the manner in which the test is performed. Health Canada has simplified its approach by using the same test block currently specified in the Regulations to assess completely bounded openings in cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories rather than introducing an additional block.

8. Maximum height of corner posts

Corner posts on cribs, cradles and bassinets may pose a strangulation hazard because a baby's clothing could catch on the post. To improve safety and better align its requirements with those of the United States, Health Canada is proposing to limit the height of corner posts on cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories from 3 mm to 1.5 mm. Bassinets and sleep accessories typically do not have corner posts. Bassinets and cradles sold in the United States have to meet the corner post requirement under the U.S. CPSC's new rulemaking. Based on this situation with respect to cradles and bassinets and Health Canada's recent cyclical enforcement testing of cribs, it is expected that the majority of cribs, cradles and bassinets on the Canadian market will already be compliant with this proposed requirement.

9. Cradle and bassinet stability performance requirement and test method

Health Canada is proposing to align its performance requirement and test method for cradle and bassinet stability with those the U.S. CPSC has recently adopted as law. This requirement is intended to make sure that the product does not tip over under a load of 10 kg, which represents the mean pull strength of a two- year-old male child. The inclusion of this requirement would further safeguard the stability of cradles and bassinets and further align Canadian and U.S. requirements.

10. Stands

In recent years, stands, in particular for bassinets, have become more popular on the Canadian market. Many sleep products are marketed for use both on and off a stand. Stands are supplied with the product, or sold separately and marketed for use with a specific product. Some stands are designed to accommodate a product that rests on it and others have latching or locking mechanisms that attach the product to the stand. Health Canada is aware of a death that resulted from a bassinet which was not attached to the stand on one side when the infant was put down for a nap. Health Canada is proposing a mandatory warning for stands that would alert caregivers to the hazards associated with using a product when it is not appropriately secured to the stand. This warning, in addition to the proposed stability requirement and test method to which stands will be subjected, would address the hazards related to stands. The overall safety of stands would also be improved by the introduction of general safety provisions for stands.

Heath Canada staff have reviewed the U.S. CPSC's removable bassinet bed attachment requirement and have concerns regarding its suitability. There are a number of options for compliance with the requirement. Two of these options (the stand shall not support the bassinet bed and the sleep surface of the bassinet bed shall be at least 20° off from the horizontal plane when the bassinet bed is in the unlocked position) involve designing the product in such a way to alert the caregiver that the bassinet bed is not appropriately attached to the stand (i.e. the product would appear unsafe when fasteners on the stand are unlatched or unlocked). Many removable bassinet beds incorporate handles such that they can be moved from room to room with the child in the product. It is reasonably foreseeable that some caregivers may attempt to attach the bassinet bed to its stand while the child is in the product. Product designs that cause the bassinet bed to collapse or tilt to a severe angle when unlatched or unlocked from the base may expose children to unnecessary hazardous conditions. Health Canada staff submitted a formal comment to this effect to the U.S. CPSC during its public consultation preceding the adoption of these new requirements. The U.S. CPSC has not expressed opposition to the Canadian approach. Due to these concerns, Health Canada is not proposing to align its requirements with this aspect of the U.S. CPSC requirements for cradles and bassinets.

11. Restraint system, attached cord length and loops

The presence of cords and loops in an infant's sleeping environment has the potential to lead to serious injury or death. Health Canada is aware of incidents and deaths that have occurred when a child in a crib has gained access to a cord or loop. Therefore, Health Canada is proposing to include requirements related to attached cord length and loops in the infant's sleep environment. The U.S. CPSC has regulated against restraint systems in the cradles and bassinets because restraints are unnecessary in cradles and bassinets and are, therefore, more likely to be unused. The U.S. CPSC is aware of incidents involving other products with restraints, such as swings, infant carriers and bouncers. (see footnote 1) Health Canada is proposing to align its requirements with those adopted by the U.S. CPSC for cribs, cradles and bassinets with respect to restraint systems in cradles and bassinets, attached cord length on cribs, and loops on accessories, and broadening the scope of these requirements to address restraint systems in cribs, attached cord length on cradles, bassinets, accessories and stands, and loops attached to cribs, cradles, bassinets and stands, in addition to accessories.

12. Minor revisions to improve clarity

Minor adjustments to language and format have been made in order to increase the clarity, organization and readability of the proposed CCBR. For example, the current CCBR require that all cribs display the following warning, “Ensure that the sides of this crib are properly latched or locked in the appropriate position when a child is left unattended in it.” However, not all crib sides have movable components and, therefore, do not have multiple adjustment positions. The proposed CCBR would make it clear that certain warnings are only required for products with particular design characteristics.

13. Transition period

The proposed CCBR would provide for a transition period of six months during which time the current CCBR would continue to apply to all cribs, cradles and bassinets sold, advertised, imported or manufactured in Canada. This provision would allow industry the opportunity to modify or redesign its products to meet regulatory requirements, and verify the regulatory compliance of its products through product testing.

Regulatory and non-regulatory options considered

Status quo

The option of maintaining the current CCBR was rejected because it was determined that regulatory changes would be required in order to provide an enhanced level of safety with respect to the use of cribs, cradles, bassinets and accessories. These proposed changes would address safety concerns, such as those specifically associated with traditional drop-side cribs that have been identified as causing serious injuries or deaths. If the proposed CCBR are not adopted, the supply of potentially unsafe cribs, cradles and bassinets to Canadian consumers would not be prohibited. Additionally, the CCBR would not be further aligned with the U.S. law.

Prohibition of the manufacturing, sale, advertisement and importation of all types of movable crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory sides in Canada

This option was rejected because it was determined that the proposed CCBR could otherwise include a requirement to prohibit the supply of cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories with sides that are not rigidly attached to the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory ends, while allowing for the uppermost portion of the side to move. The safety issues, which have been identified with traditional drop sides, would be addressed by ensuring that the lower part of the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory side is rigidly attached to the product's ends. This would eliminate the potential for the lower part of the side to separate from the ends, creating a gap between the side and the mattress in which a child could become entrapped. This would still allow the upper portion of the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory side to move in order to allow for easier access to the child. A prohibition of all types of movable sides would limit caregivers to the use of fixed-side cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories. This could create difficulties for some caregivers who are small in stature or who have back problems. Additionally, the CCBR would not be further aligned with the U.S. law.

Adoption of the proposed CCBR

Adopting the proposed CCBR was determined to be the preferred method of protecting the health and safety of young children using cribs, cradles, bassinets and accessories. The proposed CCBR are intended to clarify certain aspects of the previous CCBR, as well as put in place more stringent safety requirements concerning access sides, product assembly and crib slat strength. Additionally, this option would address requests from stakeholders to further align Canadian and U.S. requirements for cribs, cradles, bassinets, accessories and stands.

Benefits and costs

The following table provides the results of the cost-benefit analysis. The annual results for a 20-year period are reported as the present value (see footnote 2) (PV) of cash flows. Over a 20-year period after the proposed CCBR become law, it is estimated that the changes could provide a net present value (see footnote 3) (NPV) of approximately $20.60 million. When annualized (see footnote 4) over the study period, the net present value amounts to $1.94 million per year. (see footnote 5)

Cost-benefit statement

Quantified impacts (in CAN$, in millions, Dec. 2012 price level / constant dollars)

		Total PV	Annualized Cost
Benefits	By stakeholder
Avoided injuries (see footnote 6)	Young children	$17.05	$1.61
Avoided fatalities (see footnote 7)	Young children	$15.74	$1.49
Total benefits		$32.79	$3.09
Costs	By stakeholder
Higher product prices	Consumer	$3.42	$0.32
Lost resale income	Consumer	$4.03	$0.38
Government costs	Health Canada	$1.50	$0.14
Compliance costs	Small business	$2.70	$0.26
Compliance costs	Medium–Large business	$0.54	$0.05
Total costs		$12.19	$1.15
Net benefits		$20.60	$1.94
Benefit-cost ratio		2.69
Qualitative impacts
Consumer (positive) Consumers are expected to benefit from avoided injuries and fatalities relating to the regulatory proposal for cradle vertical impacting, and for accessories to cribs, cradles and bassinets, but estimates of avoided cradle injuries and fatalities were not projected due to insufficient data. Consumers are expected to experience reduced health care costs and enhanced quality of life. Industry (positive) Industry may experience higher sales in export markets as Canadian products become increasingly recognized by foreign consumers for high standards of safety. Industry may face reduced claims for liability as a result of incidents involving their products. Industry may experience lower compliance costs due to improved alignment of U.S. and Canadian regulatory requirements. Child care centres (negative) Seven provinces and one territory (Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Yukon) have legislation that requires licensed child care operations to use cribs that meet federal requirements. Depending on the enforcement approach taken by the provincial and territorial governments, child care centres in affected regions may face costs associated with the replacement of equipment. There may be a rise in health care costs of child care workers due to increased back problems relating to repeated lifting and lowering of children into non-drop-side cribs.

Results

The cost-benefit analysis of the proposed CCBR indicates that Health Canada has a strong economic basis for adopting the regulatory proposal as it would deliver net benefits to Canadians in excess of $20 million.

Costs would initially be borne by laboratories testing cribs, cradles and bassinets to determine whether the products meet the proposed regulatory requirements. These costs would be passed through to manufacturers having their products tested. Manufacturers would also face costs if their products do not meet the proposed requirements, thus needing modifications or redesigns. These costs would be passed through to product wholesalers, retailers and, ultimately, to Canadian consumers. In addition, the Government of Canada would experience economic costs through regulatory compliance promotion, monitoring, product testing and enforcement. These are opportunity costs involving the reallocation of existing resources; additional funding would not be requested and additional people would not be hired.

Some child care operations may be impacted by provincial or territorial legislation that requires them to use cribs in their facilities that meet the federal requirements for cribs. It is important to note that it is these provincial and territorial requirements that directly impose the requirement on child care facilities to use a crib that is compliant with the federal regulations, and not the federal regulations themselves. The CCBR and the supporting CCPSA cover the manufacture, import, advertisement or sale of cribs, cradles and bassinets, but do not apply to the use of these products. Therefore, any costs to this group imposed by provincial and territorial legislation cannot be influenced by Health Canada. Health Canada intends to work with and support its provincial and territorial counterparts during the implementation of the proposed CCBR.

The cost-benefit analysis estimated the costs to Canadians that would be associated with higher prices for cribs, cradles and bassinets, and the inability to resell products that do not meet the requirements. The impact on Canadians of higher crib, cradle and bassinet prices of $1.00, $0.45 and $0.60, respectively, was estimated.

The proposed CCBR are intended to deliver benefits to Canadians in terms of avoided non-fatal and fatal injuries related to the use of cribs, cradles and bassinets.

The proposed CCBR would also increase the extent to which product requirements are aligned between Canada and the United States. For industry, alignment provides broader access to international markets by making it easier and more economically viable to market and compete in a global marketplace. Internationally aligned legislation is also more readily accepted by industry, which leads to higher compliance rates.

Consumers

Costs

Canadian consumers may face costs as a result of the proposed CCBR. These costs would be related to higher product prices and prohibitions on the resale of non-compliant cribs, cradles and bassinets. With respect to higher product prices, the cost-benefit analysis indicated that the price of a typical crib, cradle or bassinet may increase on average by a maximum of $1.00 for cribs, $0.45 for cradles and $0.60 for bassinets. These price increases are expected to be maximum averages resulting from pass-through product testing, modification or redesign costs. The regulatory proposal would also result in an adjustment to the scope of which cribs, cradles and bassinets are prohibited from the sale, advertisement, manufacture or importation in Canada. Canadians holding used cribs, cradles and bassinets not meeting the proposed requirements would therefore not be able to advertise or sell (including giving away or donating) their used cribs, cradles and bassinets.

A model of future product sales was made, based on estimates that about 225 000 cribs, 20 000 cradles and 100 000 bassinets are sold annually in Canada. These sales were estimated in the future based on birth projections by Statistics Canada. It was projected that a total of approximately 7.73 million cribs, cradles and bassinets would be sold over the 20-year period of analysis. In total, the 20-year present value of costs, discounted at a rate of 7%, is approximately $3.42 million.

Estimates were made of the costs to Canadians for lost income from the resale of cribs, cradles and bassinets not meeting the proposed federal requirements. These lost incomes represent the receipts that Canadians would otherwise receive from the resale of products. The regulatory proposal would prohibit the sale of products held that do not meet the proposed requirements. These estimates are made by combining estimates of the number of cribs, cradles and bassinets owned, expectations regarding the number of these products that would not meet the proposed requirements, resale rates and resale revenues. In total, the costs of lost product resale revenues were estimated at approximately $4.03 million over 20 years when discounted at a rate of 7%.

Benefits

Some aspects of existing crib, cradle and bassinet designs are contributing to non-fatal and fatal incidents involving infants in Canada. Adopting the regulatory proposal would reduce the societal inequities by helping to protect children who otherwise do not have an option for avoiding consumer products that may pose health and safety hazards. Canadians would benefit from reduced numbers of non-fatal and fatal injuries resulting from the use of cribs, cradles and bassinets.

The approach for valuing these benefits involved reviewing Canadian and U.S. data to develop estimates of the number of non-fatal and fatal incidents that would be avoided in Canada as a result of the regulatory proposals. These data sources included Health Canada's Product Safety Information System, the Public Health Agency of Canada's Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program, and a number of databases and reports from the United States, including the U.S. CPSC's In-Depth Investigation File and National Electronic Injury Surveillance System.

A profile of non-fatal and fatal injuries avoided was projected into the future. These estimates were coupled with values per avoided non-fatal and fatal incident. Minor injuries were monetized at a value of $10,000, major injuries at $500,000, and fatalities (see footnote 8) at $6.8 million (all in 2010 dollars), considering the value of a statistical life. In total, $32.79 million in discounted benefits are anticipated over the 20-year time frame as a result of the forecasted reduction in injuries and fatalities.

Child care centres

Legislation in seven provinces and one territory (Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Yukon) requires that licensed child care operations use cribs that meet federal requirements. Therefore, if changes were introduced into federal regulations to meet provincial and territorial legislation, licensed child care operations in these jurisdictions may assume costs, resulting from the provincial and territorial legislation, to replace their inventory of cribs with models that are compliant with the proposed federal requirements. These costs are dependent upon the enforcement plans of the provincial and territorial governments.

Enforcement activities with respect to the replacement of cribs used in child care facilities fall under the jurisdiction of the provincial and territorial governments. Should the proposed prohibition on the manufacture, sale, importation or advertisement of traditional drop-side cribs come into force, the onus would be on the provincial and territorial governments to determine an appropriate period of time for the replacement of cribs with traditional drop sides used in child care facilities in provinces and territories with legislation requiring the use of cribs that are compliant with federal requirements. Health Canada would continue to provide guidance and support to its provincial and territorial counterparts in interpreting federal requirements to help ease any indirect regulatory burden.

Industry

Some costs may be assumed by product testing laboratories, product manufacturers, and product wholesalers and retailers. Information from these groups provided evidence that while costs may occur, they would be passed through the supply chain and would ultimately be borne by Canadian consumers.

A survey of product testing laboratories concluded that the incremental costs associated with the proposed CCBR would be relatively small, are not expected to have any impacts on product testing laboratories, and would be passed through to product manufacturers. It is assumed that the maximum typical price increase would be 20% of existing costs (higher than indicated by the test facilities), or an average of $0.10 per crib.

The results of a survey of North American product manufacturers indicated that the majority of manufacturers supplied products to Canadian and U.S. markets, and the models supplied to each country tended to be the same. Manufacturers also indicated that the proposed CCBR would not result in significant cost impacts on crib, cradle and bassinet manufacturers and would not result in significant increases in product prices. To assess the net benefits of the regulatory proposals, a maximum average cost increase per product was assumed and modelled. The maximum average cost increases modelled were $1.00 per crib, $0.45 per cradle and $0.60 per bassinet (including the effects of potential test cost increases and product modification cost increases). These increases represent less than 1% of product prices. Note that these increases are much higher than indicated in the survey and are used only in a precautionary assessment of the potential costs of the regulatory proposal.

A survey of product wholesalers and retailers indicated that any cost increases associated with the proposed changes to the Regulations would be passed through to the consumer. Canadian consumers would therefore be expected to assume the costs of product testing, product redesign and product modification. The companies also indicated that a minimum of six months would be required to sell existing inventories of cribs, cradles and bassinets.

Government

The annual costs associated with the promotion, monitoring, testing and enforcement of the proposed Regulations incurred by the Government of Canada were estimated at approximately $140,000. The total 20-year costs to the Government to conduct promotional, monitoring, testing and enforcement activities associated with the proposed Regulations were estimated at approximately $1.50 million. These 20-year costs were discounted at a rate of 7%. These are opportunity costs involving the reallocation of existing resources; additional funding would not be requested and additional staff would not be hired.

A copy of the complete cost-benefit analysis is available upon request.

“One-for-One” Rule

The “One-For-One” Rule does not apply to this regulatory proposal as it does not impose additional administrative costs.

Small business lens

The small business lens applies to this proposal. The completed checklist follows the RIAS. During the cost-benefit analysis consultations, both large and small businesses were consulted. In terms of manufacturers, smaller businesses were found to have slightly higher costs for testing cribs than larger companies, since test fees from testing laboratories are applied “per model,” and those costs per product are smaller for models with higher sales.

The number of firms (i.e. number of firms involved in the manufacture and/or importation of cribs, cradles and bassinets) that would be affected by these regulatory changes was estimated at about 30 (see footnote 9) companies, based on the information from the cost- benefit analysis study that was conducted. This estimate was based on available information from the Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association and on contact information provided by Health Canada that was analyzed.

Since traditional drop-side cribs have been effectively prohibited in the United States, the concentration of these products on the market has diminished greatly. A number of major industry members have indicated to Health Canada that they are no longer manufacturing, selling, importing or advertising traditional drop-side cribs in Canada. Therefore, the introduction of a Canadian prohibition on the sale, advertisement, import and manufacture of traditional drop-side cribs is projected to have a reduced impact on the costs faced by all businesses, regardless of their size. The majority of the proposed requirements align with specifications from U.S. legislation and voluntary standards with which the majority of North American cribs are already complying. A number of North American cradle and bassinet industry members indicate compliance, through the Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association certification program, with the voluntary industry standard that the U.S. CPSC has adopted into regulation.

Short description	Initial Option An immediate coming into force of the proposed Regulations		Flexible Option A coming-into-force period of six months
Maximum number of small businesses impacted	30		30
	Annualized Average ($ 2012)	Present Value (see reference 1*) ($ 2012)	Annualized Average ($ 2012)	Present Value (see reference 2*) ($ 2012)
Total compliance costs	$243,980	$1,713,640	$226,775	$1,592,775
Average cost per small business	$8,130	$57,120	$7,560	$53,090

• Reference 1*
  Using a 10-year time horizon with a 7% discount rate.
• Reference 2*
  Using a 10-year time horizon with a 7% discount rate.

It is proposed that the Regulations come into force six months after the day on which they are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II. This would respond to stakeholder feedback, provide stakeholders with a flexible implementation option and respect the World Trade Organization Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade requirement, which allows a reasonable interval between the publication of technical regulations and their entry into force in order to allow time for producers in exporting countries, particularly in developing countries, to adapt their products or methods of production to the requirements of the importing country. This is also consistent with the standard transition period of six months between versions of ASTM International standards.

Consultation

On September 29, 2010, Health Canada released a consultation document regarding the proposed changes to the CCBR. The following three options were proposed through the consultation:

1. Maintain the status quo.
2. Amend the Regulations to include several major changes that would align the Canadian requirements more directly with those that have been proposed in the United States. This would include prohibiting the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of cribs with sides that are not rigidly attached to the crib ends while allowing for the uppermost portion of the crib side to fold, pivot or move with respect to the frame. (This option is reflected in the proposed Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations.)
3. Prohibit the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of all types of movable crib sides in Canada.

In the consultation document, Health Canada indicated that the second option would be preferred because it would align with the requirements that the U.S. CPSC had proposed (and has subsequently adopted) relating to the overall safety of cribs, cradles and bassinets. Manufacturers of cribs, cradles and bassinets have historically requested greater alignment of the Canadian CCBR with other recognized international standards, particularly those of the United States, as it minimizes the impact on their industry. The second option would also address important safety issues that have specifically been identified with traditional crib drop sides.

This consultation involved the publication of a news release by Health Canada, as well as the posting of the consultation document on Health Canada's Web site. Health Canada also directly mailed the consultation document to a targeted group of approximately 2 000 stakeholders, which included public health organizations, provincial/territorial public health authorities, retailers, manufacturers, importers and product-testing laboratories. Notification of this consultation was also sent to interested parties via email through Health Canada's Consumer Product Safety listserv. Interested parties were invited to provide comments on the proposal within 75 days.

A total of twenty-five submissions were received during the comment period. Fourteen of the respondents supported the option to further align Canadian and U.S. safety standards and to allow the uppermost portion of the crib side to move, nine respondents were not in support of the proposal to prohibit the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of the traditional style of crib drop-sides (option 3), and two respondents did not give a clear indication of their position with respect to the proposal.

Responses were received from ten consumers, seven public health organizations, three retailers, one provincial coroner's office, two importers, one inventor and one industry group. Six consumers opposed the prohibition of the sale, importation, manufacture and advertisement of traditional crib drop sides because they were concerned about the impact on caregivers who are of smaller stature or have back problems. Two retailers indicated that they did not feel that traditional crib drop sides were unsafe and expressed concerns regarding the impact on Canadian businesses. One importer was concerned that the proposal limiting the movement of crib sides to the uppermost portion would result in pinching and toehold hazards.

The majority of public health organizations supported the proposed CCBR, but some expressed concerns regarding the impact upon the second-hand market, daycares and lower socio-economic families. The provincial coroner's office was in support of the proposal to further align Canadian and U.S. safety standards and to allow the uppermost portion of the crib side to move. However, the coroner's office stressed the need to ensure that regulatory actions are supported by incident data. The industry was in support of the proposed changes for the most part, but urged Health Canada to consider reasonable implementation periods, such as 6 to 12 months, when implementing any regulations. A general response email was sent to the stakeholders that provided comments.

As many of the comments received in response to the consultation mentioned the impact that the proposed CCBR would have on lower-income families, the second-hand market, daycares and Canadian businesses, it was necessary to commission a cost- benefit analysis to determine if the regulatory proposals would have a benefit for Canadians. As previously stated, the cost-benefit analysis determined that the proposed CCBR would provide a net benefit to Canadians.

Consultation with provincial and territorial governments regarding child care facilities

In 2011, 2012 and 2014, Health Canada consulted with its provincial and territorial counterparts regarding the proposed CCBR. Those provincial and territorial government departments responsible for regulating child care facilities were contacted, by telephone and in writing, to inform them of the proposed changes to the CCBR and to solicit their input regarding the impact that these proposed changes may have on provincial and territorial legislation. It is important to note that the proposed changes to the CCBR do not prohibit the “use” of cribs with traditional drop sides, or other products that do not meet the new performance standards or follow the new test methods.

The use of drop-side cribs in child care facilities varies greatly across Canada (approximately 90% to 1%). A number of provinces and territories were unable to comment on the level of use of drop-side cribs in their jurisdictions. In provinces with legislation requiring the use of either a crib or a playpen, child care facilities were more likely to make use of playpens (which are not impacted by this proposal). Playpens were also predominantly used in provinces and territories with legislation that is not directly linked to the Hazardous Products Act (of which Part I and Schedule I have been repealed and replaced by the CCPSA), the CCPSA or the CCBR. The provinces and territories were unable to comment on what period of time would be afforded to child care facilities required to replace drop-side cribs. Some provinces and territories provide limited funding for the replacement of equipment or to cover administrative costs.

In 2014, Health Canada sent a letter to the affected provinces and territories, soliciting feedback regarding the potential impact of the proposed regulatory changes. Responses were received from Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Manitoba, Nova Scotia and Quebec. Prince Edward Island indicated that there may be costs associated with replacing drop-side cribs in daycares. Ontario would determine an appropriate period for the replacement of drop-side cribs, coupled with a knowledge-dissemination strategy regarding the impact of the regulatory changes on daycares. Manitoba stated that the province would need time to notify daycares of the changes and daycares would need time to make the necessary adjustments. Nova Scotia commented that the province did not anticipate that the proposed regulatory changes for cribs would have a negative impact on child care legislation. Quebec indicated that consideration may be given to including a transition period for the replacement of drop-side cribs in the province's child care legislation in order to reduce the financial impact on child care centres.

Some public health organizations that provided responses during the 2010 consultation on the proposed CCBR expressed concern regarding the financial impact of the proposal on child care facilities. There was also concern that the lack of access of drop-side cribs would make it difficult for many employees of child care facilities, who are usually female and of smaller stature, to access children in regular cribs.

Regulatory cooperation

The proposed CCBR would further align requirements with those of the United States and provide clarity for industry.

Health Canada has actively collaborated with the U.S. CPSC through its participation on ASTM crib, cradle and bassinet standard subcommittees and in discussions with U.S. CPSC staff. All of the proposed major changes would further align the Canadian Regulations with the requirements recently adopted for cribs, cradles and bassinets in the United States. Over the past few years, Health Canada and the U.S. CPSC have worked closely together to develop a common set of test requirements for particular hazards.

Minor differences between Canadian and U.S. requirements remain; however, they are not anticipated to have a significant impact on movement or trade of products between the two countries. These differences exist where Canadian requirements are more stringent and protective, where evidence has suggested the potential for increased safety benefits, or where differences were necessitated as a result of Canadian drafting conventions.

Although this regulatory proposal is not a commitment under the Joint Action Plan for the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council, it reflects the objectives of the Council by further aligning regulatory requirements between the United States and Canada, and helping to reduce regulatory barriers to cross-border trade.

Rationale

In the recent past, Health Canada has worked in collaboration with a number of companies for them to voluntarily recall various models of drop-side cribs when reported incidents have underlined potential health and safety hazards related to the use of these products.

The proposed CCBR would further Health Canada's objective of addressing emerging hazards in order to help protect the health and safety of young children using cribs, cradles and bassinets.

Greater alignment of Canadian requirements, such as those for traditional drop-side cribs, crib impacting, crib slat strength and accessories to cribs, cradles and bassinets, with internationally recognized standards should ease the regulatory burden on industry. U.S. companies that are selling their products in Canada should benefit from the increased alignment between Canadian and U.S. requirements.

Over the past few years, Health Canada has been actively participating in discussions with Canadian and U.S. manufacturers, safety advocates and government officials regarding the overall safety of cribs. Health Canada has identified the need for regulatory changes relating to traditional drop-side cribs in order to further safeguard the health of infants and young children.

Additionally, the cost-benefit analysis demonstrates that there is a strong economic basis for adopting the proposed CCBR. The costs of the regulatory proposal have a present value of $12.19 million over 20 years and discounted at a rate of 7%. The benefits have a present value of $32.79 million over 20 years and discounted at a rate of 7%. Thus, the regulatory proposal would deliver net benefits to Canadians in excess of $20.60 million.

Strategic environmental assessment

This proposal underwent a preliminary scan in accordance with the strategic environmental assessment (SEA) policy and a SEA form was completed. The SEA concluded that this regulatory proposal is not expected to have any environmental impacts.

Implementation, enforcement and service standards

These proposed CCBR would not result in any major changes to Health Canada's enforcement activities. Compliance and enforcement would be facilitated by more clearly worded requirements laid out by the amended CCBR, as well as greater alignment between Canadian and U.S. requirements.

Compliance and enforcement of the proposed CCBR will follow established departmental approaches and procedures, including sampling and testing of products, inspection at retail and follow-up on complaints made by the Canadian public, public health organizations and trade. Non-compliant products will be subject to the actions available to Health Canada inspectors and other officials and will depend on the seriousness of the circumstances. These actions may include obtaining a voluntary commitment to product correction by industry, negotiation with industry for the voluntary removal of non-compliant products from the market, seizure, orders for recall or other measures, administrative monetary penalties and prosecution under the CCPSA. Health Canada will also seek to maximize compliance with the CCBR through ongoing industry and retailer education, and maximize crib, cradle and bassinet safety through consumer education.

Contact

Ms. Megan Fairfull
Consumer Product Safety Directorate
Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch
Health Canada
Address Locator: 4908B
269 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0K9
Fax: 613-952-2551
Email: megan.fairfull@hc-sc.gc.ca

Small Business Lens Checklist

1. Name of the sponsoring regulatory organization:

Health Canada

2. Title of the regulatory proposal:

Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations

3. Is the checklist submitted with a RIAS for the Canada Gazette, Part I or Part II?

Canada Gazette, Part I     Canada Gazette, Part II

A. Small business regulatory design

I	Communication and transparency	Yes	No	N/A
1.	Are the proposed Regulations or requirements easily understandable in everyday language?
These Regulations have been rewritten and reorganized to clarify requirements and language for industry, and to better reflect the wording of the requirements currently set out in the United States, with which many industry members are already familiar.
2.	Is there a clear connection between the requirements and the purpose (or intent) of the proposed Regulations?
The requirements directly address health and safety concerns with cribs, cradles and bassinets identified by Health Canada and the United States via reports of incidents and injuries.
3.	Will there be an implementation plan that includes communications and compliance promotion activities, that informs small business of a regulatory change and guides them on how to comply with it (e.g. information sessions, sample assessments, toolkits, Web sites)?
Health Canada is committed to working with small businesses to aid them in understanding and complying with the new requirements. Additional supporting information and industry guidance will be made available on Health Canada's Web site, and regional product safety inspectors are available to assist businesses with any regulatory and compliance questions.
4.	If new forms, reports or processes are introduced, are they consistent in appearance and format with other relevant government forms, reports or processes?
No new forms, reports or processes are being introduced.
II	Simplification and streamlining	Yes	No	N/A
1.	Will streamlined processes be put in place (e.g. through BizPaL, Canada Border Services Agency single window) to collect information from small businesses where possible?
Currently, relevant information is collected from industry on a case-by-case basis to verify compliance. No changes are occurring to the type of information that would be collected.
2.	Have opportunities to align with other obligations imposed on business by federal, provincial, municipal or international or multinational regulatory bodies been assessed?
No ongoing obligations are affected by these proposed Regulations.
3.	Has the impact of the proposed Regulations on international or interprovincial trade been assessed?
The proposed Regulations are not expected to have any impact on international or interprovincial trade, as they are moving towards improved alignment with our major trading partner, the United States.
4.	If the data or information, other than personal information, required to comply with the proposed Regulations is already collected by another department or jurisdiction, will this information be obtained from that department or jurisdiction instead of requesting the same information from small businesses or other stakeholders? (The collection, retention, use, disclosure and disposal of personal information are all subject to the requirements of the Privacy Act. Any questions with respect to compliance with the Privacy Act should be referred to the department's or agency's ATIP office or legal services unit.)
Any data that is required to be collected by these Regulations to verify compliance is not collected by any other department.
5.	Will forms be pre-populated with information or data already available to the department to reduce the time and cost necessary to complete them? (Example: When a business completes an online application for a licence, upon entering an identifier or a name, the system pre-populates the application with the applicant's personal particulars such as contact information, date, etc. when that information is already available to the department.)
No forms are required for these Regulations. Health Canada provides flexibility to industry on how the information to verify compliance is completed.
6.	Will electronic reporting and data collection be used, including electronic validation and confirmation of receipt of reports where appropriate?
These proposed Regulations do not include any reporting requirements.
7.	Will reporting, if required by the proposed Regulations, be aligned with generally used business processes or international standards if possible?
No reporting is required by these Regulations.
8.	If additional forms are required, can they be streamlined with existing forms that must be completed for other government information requirements?
No forms are required by these Regulations.
III	Implementation, compliance and service standards	Yes	No	N/A
1.	Has consideration been given to small businesses in remote areas, with special consideration to those that do not have access to high-speed (broadband) Internet?
Health Canada regional product safety inspectors are available to small business in remote areas. The Consumer Product Safety Program has 12 regional offices across the country. There is a toll-free phone number that connects the caller to the closest regional office, along with a general email address.
2.	If regulatory authorizations (e.g. licences, permits or certifications) are introduced will service standards addressing timeliness of decision making be developed that are inclusive of complaints about poor service?
No regulatory authorizations are introduced with these Regulations.
3.	Is there a clearly identified contact point or help desk for small businesses and other stakeholders?
Health Canada's regional product safety inspectors are available to small businesses in any province. There is a toll-free telephone number that connects the caller to the closest regional office, along with a general email address.

B. Regulatory flexibility analysis and reverse onus

IV	Regulatory flexibility analysis	Yes	No	N/A
1.	Does the RIAS identify at least one flexible option that has lower compliance or administrative costs for small businesses in the small business lens section? Examples of flexible options to minimize costs are as follows: Longer time periods to comply with the requirements, longer transition periods or temporary exemptions; Performance-based standards; Partial or complete exemptions from compliance, especially for firms that have good track records (legal advice should be sought when considering such an option); Reduced compliance costs; Reduced fees or other charges or penalties; Use of market incentives; A range of options to comply with requirements, including lower-cost options; Simplified and less frequent reporting obligations and inspections; and Licences granted on a permanent basis or renewed less frequently.
It is proposed that a six-month coming-into-force period be established in these Regulations. This provides stakeholders with greater flexibility prior to implementation.
2.	Does the RIAS include, as part of the Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Statement, quantified and monetized compliance and administrative costs for small businesses associated with the initial option assessed, as well as the flexible, lower-cost option?
No flexible option has been provided, as no options were found to reduce costs for small businesses.
3.	Does the RIAS include, as part of the Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Statement, a consideration of the risks associated with the flexible option? (Minimizing administrative or compliance costs for small business cannot be at the expense of greater health, security or safety or create environmental risks for Canadians.)
Risks are minimal, as the majority of cribs, cradles and bassinets manufactured currently are expected to meet the requirements, as they have been in place in the United States since 2012. Therefore, the introduction of a similar Canadian prohibition on the sale, advertisement, import and manufacture of traditional drop-side cribs is projected to have a relatively smaller impact on the costs faced by all businesses, regardless of their size.
4.	Does the RIAS include a summary of feedback provided by small business during consultations?
Small businesses were consulted by Health Canada, and their input was taken into consideration.
V	Reverse onus	Yes	No	N/A
1.	If the recommended option is not the lower-cost option for small business in terms of administrative or compliance costs, is a reasonable justification provided in the RIAS?
A six-month coming-into-force period would provide industry with time to redesign, test and supply new product models.

PROPOSED REGULATORY TEXT

Notice is given that the Governor in Council, pursuant to section 37 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (see footnote a), proposes to make the annexed Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations.

Interested persons may make representations concerning the proposed Regulations within 75 days after the date of publication of this notice. All such representations must cite the Canada Gazette, Part I, and the date of publication of this notice, and be addressed to Megan Fairfull, Project Officer, Risk Management Bureau, Consumer Product Safety Directorate, Department of Health, Address Locator 4908B, 269 Laurier Avenue W., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9 (fax: 613-952-2551; email: megan.fairfull@hc-sc.gc.ca).

Ottawa, July 15, 2015

JURICA ČAPKUN
Assistant Clerk of the Privy Council

CRIBS, CRADLES AND BASSINETS REGULATIONS

INTERPRETATION

Definitions

1. The following definitions apply in these Regulations.

• “access side”
  « côté d'accès »
• “access side” means a side of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory the bottom part of which is stationary and the top part of which has one or more adjustment positions.
• “accessory”
  « accessoire »
• “accessory” means a product, including a change table accessory and a sleep accessory, that is designed or advertised for use with a crib, cradle or bassinet and that has the following characteristics:

• (a) it is designed to support the weight of a child;
• (b) it can be placed on or fixed to the crib, cradle or bassinet; and
• (c) its primary function is
  • (i) in the case of a change table accessory, to allow the changing of a child's diaper or to dress a child,
  • (ii) in the case of a sleep accessory, to provide sleeping accommodation for a child, with sides to confine the child, and
  • (iii) in any other case, to provide a surface for play or to enable caregiver-child interaction.

• “Act”
  « Loi »
• “Act” means the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act.
• “adjustment position”
  « position de réglage »
• “adjustment position” means a position in which the movable part of an access side latches or locks and from which it cannot be moved without being unlatched or unlocked.
• “bassinet”
  « moïse »
• “bassinet” means a product that has the following characteristics:

• (a) its primary function is to provide sleeping accommodation for a child, with sides to confine the child;
• (b) it has a sleeping surface area that is less than or equal to 4 000 cm²; and
• (c) it can be used alone, or both alone and as an accessory.

• “cradle”
  « berceau »
• “cradle” means a product that has the following characteristics:

• (a) its primary function is to provide sleeping accommodation for a child, with sides to confine the child;
• (b) it has a sleeping surface area that is greater than 4 000 cm² but less than or equal to 5 500 cm²; and
• (c) it can be used alone, or both alone and as an accessory.

• “crib”
  « lit d'enfant »
• “crib” means a product that has the following characteristics:

• (a) its primary function is to provide sleeping accommodation for a child, with sides to confine the child;
• (b) it has a sleeping surface area that is greater than 5 500 cm²; and
• (c) it can be used alone, or both alone and as an accessory.

• “fastener”
  « attaches »
• “fastener” includes all of the following objects:

• (a) items that, once installed on a product, are capable of being joined or unjoined without the use of any tool or equipment, such as
  • (i) string, cords, straps, wire and other similar items, and
  • (ii) zippers, buttons, snaps and other similar items; and
• (b) items that join two objects together on being installed on a product, such as screws, bolts, hinges, nails and other similar hardware.

• “key structural components”
  « composants structurels essentiels »
• “key structural components”, in respect of a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory, means its sides, mattress support, stabilizing bars, structural cover and stand.
• “mattress support”
  « support du matelas »
• “mattress support” includes, in the case of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory that is designed to be used without a mattress, the surface that supports the weight of the child.
• “occupant retention area”
  « espace de confinement »
• “occupant retention area” of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory means the space that is bounded by the sleeping surface and the interior surfaces of the sides.
• “responsible person”
  « responsable »
• “responsible person” means

• (a) the manufacturer, in the case of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that is manufactured in Canada for commercial purposes; and
• (b) the importer, in the case of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that is imported for commercial purposes.

• “slat”
  « barreau »
• “slat” includes a post, bar, rod or other similar part of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory.
• “stand”
  « soutien »
• “stand” means a product that is designed or advertised for use with cribs, cradles or bassinets and whose function is to elevate the crib, cradle or bassinet.
• “stationary side”
  « côté fixe »
• “stationary side” means a side of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory that has no adjustment positions.
• “structural cover”
  « recouvrement structurel »
• “structural cover” means a key structural component of some cribs, cradles, bassinets and sleep accessories that has the following characteristics:

• (a) it is made of a textile or other pliable material;
• (b) it attaches to the frame of the product with a zipper, snaps, buttons or other similar fasteners;
• (c) it completely or partially defines the occupant retention area; and
• (d) it is removable for purposes of cleaning or replacement.

• “supplied with”
  « fourni »
• “supplied with”, in respect of an accessory, a stand or a mattress, means designed for use and sold together with a specific crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory that is made by the same manufacturer.

INFORMATION AND ADVERTISING

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Reference to Act or Regulations

2. Information that appears on or that accompanies a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand, and any advertisement of one, must not make any direct or indirect reference to the Act or these Regulations.

Advertising

3. An advertisement must not show a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand in any way that is contrary to the warnings set out in sections 10 to 36.

PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION

Presentation — general

4. The information required by these Regulations must meet all of the following requirements:

• (a) it must be displayed in both official languages;
• (b) it must be printed on the crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand, or on a label that is permanently affixed to it;
• (c) it must be printed in characters in a colour that contrasts sharply with the background; and
• (d) it must be set out in a manner that is clear and legible and sufficiently durable to remain legible throughout the useful life of the crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand under normal conditions of transportation, storage, sale and use.
  

Print

5. (1) The required information must be printed in a standard sans-serif type that

• (a) is not compressed, expanded or decorative; and
• (b) has a large x-height relative to the ascender or descender of the type, as illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 1.

Height of type

(2) The height of the type is determined by measuring an upper-case letter or a lower-case letter that has an ascender or a descender, such as “b” or “p”.

Signal words

6. (1) The signal words “WARNING” and “MISE EN GARDE” must be displayed in boldfaced, upper-case type not less than 5 mm in height.

Other information — height of type

(2) All other required information must be displayed in type not less than 2.5 mm in height.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CRIBS, CRADLES, BASSINETS, ACCESSORIES AND STANDS

Required information

7. The following information must appear on every crib, cradle and bassinet and on every accessory and stand that is sold separately, as well as on any packaging in which one of those products is displayed to the consumer:

• (a) the name and principal place of business in Canada of the responsible person;
• (b) its model name or model number; and
• (c) the expression “DATE:” followed immediately by words or numbers that indicate when it was manufactured, consisting of the year and either the month or week, listed in that order.

Assembly and use — cribs, cradles and bassinets

8. (1) The following information must appear on every crib, cradle and bassinet in text, drawings or photographs, or in any combination of them, that illustrate the same information:

• (a) instructions on how to assemble it and a quantitative list of its parts, if it is sold not fully assembled;
• (b) instructions on how to fold and unfold it, if it is a folding product;
• (c) instructions on how to adjust the height of the mattress support, if the height is adjustable; and
• (d) the dimensions recommended by the manufacturer for the mattress, if it is designed to be used with a mattress.

Assembly and use — accessories

(2) The following information must appear on every accessory in text, drawings or photographs, or in any combination of them, that illustrate the same information:

• (a) instructions on how to assemble it and a quantitative list of its parts, if it is sold not fully assembled;
• (b) instructions on how to fold and unfold it, if it is a folding accessory; and
• (c) instructions on how to place it on or fix it to a crib, cradle or bassinet.

Exception — accessories supplied with product

(3) If the accessory is supplied with a crib, cradle or bassinet, the information required by subsection (2) may appear on either the accessory or on the crib, cradle or bassinet.

Assembly and use — stands

(4) The following information must appear on every stand in text, drawings or photographs, or in any combination of them, that illustrate the same information:

• (a) instructions on how to assemble it and a quantitative list of its parts, if it is sold not fully assembled;
• (b) instructions on how to fold and unfold it, if it is a folding stand; and
• (c) instructions on how to place a crib, cradle or bassinet on it or fix a crib, cradle or bassinet to it.

Exception — stands supplied with product

(5) If the stand is supplied with a crib, cradle or bassinet, the information required by subsection (4) may appear on either the stand or on the crib, cradle or bassinet.

Warnings — pouches

9. Despite paragraph 4(b), the information that is required by section 8 may be contained in or on a pouch that is permanently affixed to the crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand if the relevant warnings set out in sections 10 to 36 are provided with that information.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CRIBS

Warning — all cribs

10. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib:

WARNING

• Do not use this product if you cannot follow the accompanying instructions exactly.
• Do not use this product for a child who can climb out of it or who is taller than 90 cm.
• Do not place any cord, strap or similar item in or near this product that could become wrapped around a child's neck.
• Do not place this product near a window or patio door where a child could reach the cord of a blind or curtain and be strangled.
• Check this product regularly before using it, and do not use it if any part is loose or missing or if there are any signs of damage. Do not substitute parts. Contact the manufacturer if replacement parts or additional instructions are needed.
• Children can suffocate on soft bedding. Do not place pillows, comforters or soft mattresses in this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser ce produit à moins d'être en mesure de suivre précisément les instructions qui l'accompagnent.
• Ne pas utiliser ce produit si l'enfant est capable d'en sortir ou mesure plus de 90 cm.
• Ne pas mettre dans ce produit ou à proximité de celui-ci des cordes, courroies ou objets semblables qui risqueraient de s'enrouler autour du cou de l'enfant.
• Ne pas placer ce produit près d'une fenêtre ou d'une porte-fenêtre où l'enfant pourrait saisir les cordes d'un store ou d'un rideau et s'étrangler.
• Vérifier régulièrement ce produit préalablement à son utilisation et ne pas l'utiliser en cas de détection d'une pièce desserrée, de pièce manquante ou de tout signe de dommages. Ne pas substituer une pièce à une autre. Communiquer avec le fabricant pour obtenir, au besoin, une pièce de rechange ou des instructions supplémentaires.
• L'enfant peut s'étouffer en présence d'articles de literie mous. Ne pas mettre d'oreiller, d'édredon ou de matelas mou dans ce produit.

Warning — cribs with access side

11. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib that has an access side, immediately after the warning required by section 10:

WARNING

• Ensure that the sides of this product are properly latched or locked in the appropriate position when a child is left unattended in it.

MISE EN GARDE

• S'assurer que les côtés de ce produit, dans le cas où l'enfant y est laissé sans surveillance, sont bien enclenchés ou verrouillés à la position appropriée.

Warning — cribs sold without mattress

12. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib that is designed to be used with a mattress but is sold without one, immediately after the warnings required by sections 10 and 11:

WARNING

• Use a mattress that is no thicker than 15 cm and is of such a size that, when it is pushed firmly against any side of this product, it does not leave a gap of more than 3 cm between the mattress and any part of any other side of the product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Utiliser un matelas dont l'épaisseur est d'au plus 15 cm et dont la superficie permet d'empêcher, lorsqu'il est poussé fermement contre un côté quelconque de ce produit, qu'un espace de plus de 3 cm soit créé entre le matelas et une partie quelconque de tout autre côté.

Warning — cribs supplied with mattress

13. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib that is supplied with a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 10 and 11:

WARNING

• Use only the mattress supplied by the manufacturer with this product. Do not add an additional mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• N'utiliser que le matelas fourni par le fabricant avec ce produit. Ne pas y superposer d'autre matelas.

Warning — cribs designed to be used without mattress

14. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib that is designed to be used without a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 10 and 11:

WARNING

• Do not add a mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas ajouter de matelas à ce produit.

Warning — when crib used as accessory

15. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every crib that, when it is used as an accessory, extends over or into the occupant retention area, immediately after the warnings required by sections 10 to 14:

WARNING

• When this product is used as an accessory to another product, remove it whenever a child is in the other product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Retirer ce produit s'il est utilisé comme accessoire avec un autre produit et que l'enfant occupe ce dernier.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CRADLES

Warning — all cradles

16. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle:

WARNING

• Do not use this product if you cannot follow the accompanying instructions exactly.
• Do not use this product for a child who can push up onto their hands and knees or who has reached [insert manufacturer's recommended weight limit].
• Do not place any cord, strap or similar item in or near this product that could become wrapped around a child's neck.
• Do not place this product near a window or patio door where a child could reach the cord of a blind or curtain and be strangled.
• Check this product regularly before using it, and do not use it if any part is loose or missing or if there are any signs of damage. Do not substitute parts. Contact the manufacturer if replacement parts or additional instructions are needed.
• Children can suffocate on soft bedding. Do not place pillows, comforters or soft mattresses in this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser ce produit à moins d'être en mesure de suivre précisément les instructions qui l'accompagnent.
• Ne pas utiliser ce produit si l'enfant est capable de se mettre à quatre pattes ou a atteint [insérer le poids maximal recommandé par le fabricant].
• Ne pas mettre dans ce produit ou à proximité de celui-ci des cordes, courroies ou objets semblables qui risqueraient de s'enrouler autour du cou de l'enfant.
• Ne pas placer ce produit près d'une fenêtre ou d'une porte-fenêtre où l'enfant pourrait saisir les cordes d'un store ou d'un rideau et s'étrangler.
• Vérifier régulièrement ce produit préalablement à son utilisation et ne pas l'utiliser en cas de détection d'une pièce desserrée, de pièce manquante ou de tout signe de dommages. Ne pas substituer une pièce à une autre. Communiquer avec le fabricant pour obtenir, au besoin, une pièce de rechange ou des instructions supplémentaires.
• L'enfant peut s'étouffer en présence d'articles de literie mous. Ne pas mettre d'oreiller, d'édredon ou de matelas mou dans ce produit.

Warning — cradles with access side

17. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle that has an access side, immediately after the warning required by section 16:

WARNING

• Ensure that the sides of this product are properly latched or locked in the appropriate position when a child is left unattended in it.

MISE EN GARDE

• S'assurer que les côtés de ce produit, dans le cas où l'enfant y est laissé sans surveillance, sont bien enclenchés ou verrouillés à la position appropriée.

Warning — cradles sold without mattress

18. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle that is designed to be used with a mattress but is sold without one, immediately after the warnings required by sections 16 and 17:

WARNING

• Use a mattress that is no thicker than 3.8 cm and is of such a size that, when it is pushed firmly against any side of this product, it does not leave a gap of more than 3 cm between the mattress and any part of any other side of the product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Utiliser un matelas dont l'épaisseur est d'au plus 3,8 cm et dont la superficie permet d'empêcher, lorsqu'il est poussé fermement contre un côté quelconque de ce produit, qu'un espace de plus de 3 cm soit créé entre le matelas et une partie quelconque de tout autre côté.

Warning — cradles supplied with mattress

19. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle that is supplied with a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 16 and 17:

WARNING

• Use only the mattress supplied by the manufacturer with this product. Do not add an additional mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• N'utiliser que le matelas fourni par le fabricant avec ce produit. Ne pas y superposer d'autre matelas.

Warning — cradles designed to be used without mattress

20. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle that is designed to be used without a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 16 and 17:

WARNING

• Do not add a mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas ajouter de matelas à ce produit.

Warning — when cradle used as accessory

21. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every cradle that, when it is used as an accessory, extends over or into the occupant retention area, immediately after the warnings required by sections 16 to 20:

WARNING

• When this product is used as an accessory to another product, remove it whenever a child is in the other product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Retirer ce produit s'il est utilisé comme accessoire avec un autre produit et que l'enfant occupe ce dernier.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BASSINETS

Warning — all bassinets

22. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet:

WARNING

• Do not use this product if you cannot follow the accompanying instructions exactly.
• Do not use this product for a child who can roll over or who has reached [insert manufacturer's recommended weight limit].
• Do not place any cord, strap or similar item in or near this product that could become wrapped around a child's neck.
• Do not place this product near a window or patio door where a child could reach the cord of a blind or curtain and be strangled.
• Check this product regularly before using it, and do not use it if any part is loose or missing or if there are any signs of damage. Do not substitute parts. Contact the manufacturer if replacement parts or additional instructions are needed.
• Children can suffocate on soft bedding. Do not place pillows, comforters or soft mattresses in this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser ce produit à moins d'être en mesure de suivre précisément les instructions qui l'accompagnent.
• Ne pas utiliser ce produit si l'enfant est capable de se retourner ou a atteint [insérer le poids maximal recommandé par le fabricant].
• Ne pas mettre dans ce produit ou à proximité de celui-ci des cordes, courroies ou objets semblables qui risqueraient de s'enrouler autour du cou de l'enfant.
• Ne pas placer ce produit près d'une fenêtre ou d'une porte-fenêtre où l'enfant pourrait saisir les cordes d'un store ou d'un rideau et s'étrangler.
• Vérifier régulièrement ce produit préalablement à son utilisation et ne pas l'utiliser en cas de détection d'une pièce desserrée, de pièce manquante ou de tout signe de dommages. Ne pas substituer une pièce à une autre. Communiquer avec le fabricant pour obtenir, au besoin, une pièce de rechange ou des instructions supplémentaires.
• L'enfant peut s'étouffer en présence d'articles de literie mous. Ne pas mettre d'oreiller, d'édredon ou de matelas mou dans ce produit.

Warning — bassinets with access side

23. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet that has an access side, immediately after the warning required by section 22:

WARNING

• Ensure that the sides of this product are properly latched or locked in the appropriate position when a child is left unattended in it.

MISE EN GARDE

• S'assurer que les côtés de ce produit, dans le cas où l'enfant y est laissé sans surveillance, sont bien enclenchés ou verrouillés à la position appropriée.

Warning — bassinets sold without mattress

24. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet that is designed to be used with a mattress but is sold without one, immediately after the warnings required by sections 22 and 23:

WARNING

• Use a mattress that is no thicker than 3.8 cm and is of such a size that, when it is pushed firmly against any side of this product, it does not leave a gap of more than 3 cm between the mattress and any part of any other side of the product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Utiliser un matelas dont l'épaisseur est d'au plus 3,8 cm et dont la superficie permet d'empêcher, lorsqu'il est poussé fermement contre un côté quelconque de ce produit, qu'un espace de plus de 3 cm soit créé entre le matelas et une partie quelconque de tout autre côté.

Warning — bassinets supplied with mattress

25. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet that is supplied with a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 22 and 23:

WARNING

• Use only the mattress supplied by the manufacturer with this product. Do not add an additional mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• N'utiliser que le matelas fourni par le fabricant avec ce produit. Ne pas y superposer d'autre matelas.

Warning — bassinets designed to be used without mattress

26. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet that is designed to be used without a mattress, immediately after the warnings required by sections 22 and 23:

WARNING

• Do not add a mattress to this product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas ajouter de matelas à ce produit.

Warning — when bassinet used as accessory

27. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every bassinet that, when it is used as an accessory, extends over or into the occupant retention area, immediately after the warnings required by sections 22 to 26:

WARNING

• When this product is used as an accessory to another product, remove it whenever a child is in the other product.

MISE EN GARDE

• Retirer ce produit s'il est utilisé comme accessoire avec un autre produit et que l'enfant occupe ce dernier.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCESSORIES

General

Non-application

28. Sections 29 to 34 do not apply to a crib, cradle or bassinet that can be used as an accessory.

Warning — all accessories

29. (1) The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every accessory:

WARNING

• Do not use this accessory if you cannot follow the accompanying instructions exactly.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser cet accessoire à moins d'être en mesure de suivre précisément les instructions qui l'accompagnent.

Warning — accessories that extend over or into occupant retention area

(2) The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every accessory that extends over or into the occupant retention area, immediately after the warning required by subsection (1):

WARNING

• Remove this accessory when a child is in the [insert applicable product, e.g., crib, cradle or bassinet].

MISE EN GARDE

• Retirer cet accessoire si l'enfant occupe le [insérer le type de produit visé; ex. : lit d'enfant, berceau ou moïse].

Warning — accessories other than sleep accessories

30. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every accessory other than a sleep accessory, immediately after the warnings required by section 29:

WARNING

• Do not use this accessory for a child who has reached [insert manufacturer's recommended weight limit].
• Do not leave a child unattended in or on this accessory.
• Do not put a child to sleep or leave a sleeping child in or on this accessory.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser cet accessoire si l'enfant a atteint [insérer le poids maximal recommandé par le fabricant].
• Ne pas laisser sans surveillance un enfant qui utilise cet accessoire.
• Ne pas utiliser cet accessoire pour y faire dormir un enfant ou l'y laisser dormir.

Sleep Accessories

Warning — sleep accessories

31. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every sleep accessory immediately after the warnings required by section 29:

WARNING

• Do not use this accessory for a child who can roll over or who has reached [insert manufacturer's recommended weight limit].
• Do not place any cord, strap or similar item in or near this accessory that could become wrapped around a child's neck.
• Check this accessory regularly before using it, and do not use it if any part is loose or missing or if there are any signs of damage. Do not substitute parts. Contact the manufacturer if replacement parts or additional instructions are needed.
• Children can suffocate on soft bedding. Do not place pillows, comforters or soft mattresses in this accessory.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas utiliser cet accessoire si l'enfant est capable de se retourner ou a atteint [insérer le poids maximal recommandé par le fabricant].
• Ne pas mettre dans cet accessoire ou à proximité de celui-ci des cordes, courroies ou objets semblables qui risqueraient de s'enrouler autour du cou de l'enfant.
• Vérifier régulièrement cet accessoire préalablement à son utilisation et ne pas l'utiliser en cas de détection d'une pièce desserrée, de pièce manquante ou de tout signe de dommages. Ne pas substituer une pièce à une autre. Communiquer avec le fabricant pour obtenir, au besoin, une pièce de rechange ou des instructions supplémentaires.
• L'enfant peut s'étouffer en présence d'articles de literie mous. Ne pas mettre d'oreiller, d'édredon ou de matelas mou dans cet accessoire.

Warning — sleep accessories sold without mattress

32. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every sleep accessory that is designed to be used with a mattress but is sold without one, immediately after the warning required by section 31:

WARNING

• Use a sleep accessory mattress that is no thicker than 3.8 cm and is of such a size that, when it is pushed firmly against any side of this accessory, it does not leave a gap of more than 3 cm between the mattress and any part of any other side of the accessory.

MISE EN GARDE

• Utiliser un matelas pour accessoire pour le coucher dont l'épaisseur est d'au plus 3,8 cm et dont la superficie permet d'empêcher, lorsqu'il est poussé fermement contre un côté quelconque de cet accessoire, qu'un espace de plus de 3 cm soit créé entre le matelas et une partie quelconque de tout autre côté.

Warning — sleep accessories supplied with mattress

33. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every sleep accessory that is supplied with a mattress, immediately after the warning required by section 31:

WARNING

• Use only the mattress supplied by the manufacturer with this accessory. Do not add an additional mattress to this accessory.

MISE EN GARDE

• N'utilisez que le matelas fourni par le fabricant avec cet accessoire. Ne pas y superposer d'autre matelas.

Warning — sleep accessories designed for use without mattress

34. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every sleep accessory that is designed for use without a mattress, immediately after the warning required by section 31:

WARNING

• Do not add a mattress to this accessory.

MISE EN GARDE

• Ne pas ajouter de matelas à cet accessoire.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDS

Warning — product on stand

35. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every stand on which a crib, cradle or bassinet is designed to be placed:

WARNING

• Ensure that the product is securely on the stand before a child is placed in it.

MISE EN GARDE

• S'assurer que le produit est placé sur le soutien de façon sécuritaire avant de placer l'enfant dans le produit.

Warning — product fixed to stand

36. The following warning or its equivalent must appear on every stand on which a crib, cradle or bassinet is designed to be fixed by a latching or locking mechanism:

WARNING

• Ensure that the product is properly latched or locked to the stand before a child is placed in it.

MISE EN GARDE

• S'assurer que le produit est bien enclenché ou verrouillé au soutien avant de placer l'enfant dans le produit.

CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

STANDARDS FOR CRIBS, CRADLES, BASSINETS, ACCESSORIES AND STANDS

Key structural components — assembly

37. Every key structural component must meet one of the following requirements:

• (a) it must be constructed so that it can only be assembled correctly one way according to the manufacturer's instructions; or
• (b) if the component is capable of assembly in more than one way, it must have permanent markings on it that indicate how to assemble it and that remain conspicuous when the crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand is not correctly assembled.
  

Coatings

38. Every crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory and stand must be free from any surface coating that contains any of the following substances:

• (a) more than 90 mg/kg total lead;
• (b) any compound of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, selenium or barium if more than 0.1% of the compound dissolves in 5% hydrochloric acid after being stirred for 10 minutes at 20°C; or
• (c) any compound of mercury.
  

Angle

39. (1) Every crib, cradle, bassinet and sleep accessory must be constructed so that the angle of the mattress support does not exceed 10° from the horizontal.

Angle — stands

(2) Every stand must be constructed so that the angle of the mattress support of a crib, cradle or bassinet that is placed on or fixed to it does not exceed 10° from the horizontal.

Angle — products that rock or swing

40. Every crib, cradle, bassinet, sleep accessory and stand that rocks or swings must be constructed to meet the following requirements:

• (a) it does not rock or swing beyond a 20° angle from the horizontal; and
• (b) its angle at rest does not exceed 7° from the horizontal.
  

Shearing and pinching

41. Every crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory and stand, and every part of one that is accessible to the child, must be constructed in a way that prevents the child from being injured from shearing or pinching.

Types of sides

42. A crib, cradle, bassinet and sleep accessory must have only stationary sides and access sides.

Strength and integrity of slats

43. The slats of a side of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory must not turn or dislodge or become deformed or otherwise damaged when tested in accordance with Schedule 2.

Posts

44. (1) Subject to subsection (2), a post of a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory must not extend more than 1.5 mm — measured within a radius of 76 mm from the centre line of the post — above the lowest point on the upper surface of the higher of the sides that adjoin the post.

Exception

(2) A post may extend more than 406 mm above the highest point on the upper surface of the higher of the sides that adjoin the post if the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory meets the requirements of the cut-out test method set out in section 7.9 of the ASTM International standard F1169-13, entitled Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Full-Size Baby Cribs, as amended from time to time.

Extensions

(3) A post whose height is extended by the attachment of one or more removable extensions must meet the requirements of subsection (2).

Openings in cribs — entrapment

45. (1) When a crib is tested in accordance with the following provisions of Schedule 3, there must not be any completely bounded opening through which a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm is capable of passing in any orientation:

• (a) section 1, if the crib has a rigid side; and
• (b) section 2, if the crib has a textile or other pliable material side.
  

Openings in other products — entrapment

(2) When a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory is tested in accordance with the following provisions of Schedule 3, there must not be any completely bounded opening through which a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm is capable of passing in any orientation:

• (a) section 3, if the product has a rigid side; and
• (b) section 4, if the product has a textile or other pliable material side.
  

Openings formed or exposed — structural covers of cribs

46. (1) When tested in accordance with section 2 of Schedule 3, a structural cover of a crib must not form or expose any completely bounded opening that permits the passage of a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm in any orientation.

Openings formed or exposed — structural covers of other products

(2) When tested in accordance with section 4 of Schedule 3, a structural cover of a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory must not form or expose any completely bounded opening that permits the passage of a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm in any orientation.

Mesh — strength and integrity

47. (1) Any mesh that is made of a textile or other pliable material and that forms part of the sides or bottom of a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory must not, when tested in accordance with Schedule 4, tear or become detached from its supporting structure or anything to which it is attached.

Size of openings in mesh

(2) The openings of mesh that is made of a textile or other pliable material of a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory must be of such a size that the tip of a probe described in Schedule 5 is unable to pass through the openings, when tested in accordance with that Schedule.

Flammability

48. Any part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that contains a textile or any other pliable material must have a flame spread time greater than seven seconds, when tested in accordance with National Standard of Canada CAN/CGSB-4.2 No. 27.5-2008, entitled Textile Test Methods: Flame Resistance — 45° Angle Test — One-Second Flame Impingement, as amended from time to time, in either of the following circumstances:

• (a) it does not have a raised fibre surface; or
• (b) it has a raised fibre surface and exhibits ignition or fusion of its base fibres.
  

Entanglement — cribs

49. (1) When a crib or stand is tested in accordance with Schedule 6, the instrument illustrated in Figure 1 of that Schedule must not catch on any projection, fastener or mechanism of the crib or stand that is located above the mattress support or that protrudes above it.

Entanglement — other products

(2) When a cradle, bassinet, sleep accessory or stand is tested in accordance with Schedule 6, the instrument illustrated in Figure 1 of that Schedule must not catch on any projection, fastener or mechanism of the cradle, bassinet, sleep accessory or stand that is located in the occupant retention area or that protrudes into it.

Presumption

(3) For the purpose of subsections (1) and (2), a post that is described in subsections 44(2) and (3) is not a projection.

Wood, plastic or similar hard material

50. (1) Every exposed part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that is made of wood, plastic or a similar hard material must be free from cracks, burrs and other defects and be smoothly finished to eliminate sharp edges and points.

Metal

(2) Every exposed part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that is made of metal must be smoothly finished to eliminate sharp edges and points.

Metal tubing

(3) Every cut edge of any metal tubing that is part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand must meet one of the following requirements if it is accessible to the child:

• (a) it must be smoothly finished to eliminate sharp edges and points; or
• (b) it must be protected by a cap that remains in place when it is subjected to a force of 90 N, applied in any direction.

Bolts

(4) The threaded end of every bolt of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand must be protected by an acorn nut or an equally effective device if the end is accessible to the child.

Small parts

51. Every part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand that is small enough to be totally enclosed in a small parts cylinder illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 7 must be affixed to the product so that the part does not become detached when it is subjected to a force of 90 N, applied in any direction.

Openings — parts

52. Every slot, notch, groove or other opening in a wooden, plastic or metal part of a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand — or in a part of one made of a similar hard material — that is located above the mattress support when it is in any position and that is accessible to the child must meet one of the following requirements:

• (a) it must be of such a size and shape that, if it admits a rod 5.33 mm in diameter, it will also admit a rod 9.53 mm in diameter; or
• (b) it must have a depth that is not greater than the dimension of the minor span across the opening, if that minor span dimension is greater than or equal to 5.33 mm and less than 9.53 mm.
  

Restraint systems

53. No crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory shall have a child restraint system.

Maximum length of cords and straps

54. (1) A cord, strap or other similar item that is attached by only one of its ends to a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand must not measure more than 188 mm in length when it is stretched by the gradual application of a force of 22 N.

Change table accessory

(2) In the case of a change table accessory, subsection (1) applies only to the length of the cord, strap or other similar item that extends into the occupant retention area of the product with which it is used.

Cords and straps — loops

55. (1) When tested in accordance with Schedule 8, a cord, strap or other similar item that is attached to a crib, cradle, bassinet, sleep accessory or stand must not be capable of forming either of the following loops:

• (a) a loop inside the occupant retention area that permits the passage of the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of that Schedule; or
• (b) a loop outside the occupant retention area that permits the passage of that probe and that, when pulled into the occupant retention area, remains there.
  

Cords and straps — change table accessories

(2) When tested in accordance with Schedule 8, a cord, strap or other similar item that is designed to restrain a child in a change table accessory must not be capable of forming a loop that can be pulled into the occupant retention area of the product with which it is used and that permits the passage of the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of that Schedule.

Coil springs

56. Every coil spring of a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory that is accessible to the child must be covered or constructed so as to prevent injury to the child.

Mattress

57. A mattress that is supplied with a crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory must meet all of the following requirements:

• (a) it must be not more than
  • (i) 150 mm thick, in the case of a crib mattress, and
  • (ii) 38 mm thick, in the case of a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory mattress;
• (b) it must be of such a size that, when it is pushed firmly against any side of the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory, it does not leave a gap of more than 30 mm between the mattress and any part of any other side; and
• (c) it must be stitched using lock-stitching.
  

ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR CRIBS

Structural integrity

58. A crib must not exhibit any damage, its latching or locking mechanisms must not disengage or deform permanently and its fasteners must not loosen, when the crib is tested in accordance with Schedule 9.

Mattress support

59. The mattress support of a crib must not dislodge, its mechanisms must not disengage or deform permanently and its fasteners must not loosen, when the mattress support is tested in accordance with Schedule 10.

Height of sides — mattress support in lowest position

60. Every side of a crib must meet the following requirements when the mattress support is in its lowest position:

• (a) its lower surface must be lower than the upper surface of the mattress support;
• (b) its upper surface must be at least 660 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support; and
• (c) in the case of an access side, the upper surface of its stationary part must be at least 510 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support.

Height of sides — mattress support in highest position

61. Every side of a crib must meet the following requirements when the mattress support is in its highest position:

• (a) in the case of a stationary side, its upper surface must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support; and
• (b) in the case of an access side, the upper surface of its stationary part must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support.

Latching or locking mechanisms of access sides — requirements

62. The movable part of an access side of a crib must be held in each of its adjustment positions by means of a mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on that side or to any part of the mechanism.
  

Latching or locking mechanisms of folding cribs — requirements

63. A folding crib must have a latching or locking mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on any part of it and prevents the crib from folding up or collapsing when tested in accordance with Schedule 9.
  

Slat strength

64. A crib slat must not completely break or completely separate at either end from the top and bottom horizontal rails of the crib side when the slat is tested in accordance with Schedule 11.

Toeholds

65. (1) A crib must be constructed so that any horizontal slat, rail, projection or ledge that is capable of being used as a toehold by the child is not located at any point that is more than 76 mm and less than 510 mm above the mattress support, when the mattress support is in its lowest position and, if the crib has an access side, when the movable part is in any adjustment position.

Presumption

(2) For the purpose of subsection (1), a slat, rail, projection or ledge is capable of being used as a toehold if it has a depth of 10 mm or more.

ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR CRADLES AND STANDS

Stability

66. (1) A cradle must not tip over when tested in accordance with Schedule 12.

Cradle on stand

(2) A cradle when used with a stand must not tip over when tested in accordance with Schedule 12.

Structural integrity

67. A cradle must not exhibit any damage, its latching or locking mechanisms must not disengage or deform permanently and its fasteners must not loosen, when the cradle is tested in accordance with Schedule 9.

Mattress support

68. The mattress support of a cradle must not dislodge, its mechanisms must not disengage or deform permanently and its fasteners must not loosen, when the mattress support is tested in accordance with Schedule 10.

Height of sides

69. Every side of a cradle must meet the following requirements when the mattress support is in any position:

• (a) its lower surface must be lower than the upper surface of the mattress support;
• (b) in the case of a stationary side, its upper surface must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support; and
• (c) in the case of an access side, the upper surface of its stationary part must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support.

Latching or locking mechanisms of access sides — requirements

70. The movable part of an access side of a cradle must be held in each of its adjustment positions by means of a mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on that side or to any part of the mechanism.
  

Latching or locking mechanisms of folding cradles — requirements

71. A folding cradle must have a latching or locking mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on any part of it and prevents the cradle from folding up or collapsing when tested in accordance with Schedule 9.
  

ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR BASSINETS AND STANDS

Stability

72. (1) A bassinet must not tip over when tested in accordance with Schedule 12.

Bassinet on stand

(2) A bassinet when used with a stand must not tip over when tested in accordance with Schedule 12.

Structural integrity

73. A bassinet must not exhibit any damage to any of its components, including the handles, when tested in accordance with Schedule 9.

Height of sides

74. Every side of a bassinet must meet the following requirements when the mattress support is in any position:

• (a) its lower surface must be lower than the upper surface of the mattress support;
• (b) in the case of a stationary side, its upper surface must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support; and
• (c) in the case of an access side, the upper surface of its stationary part must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support.

Latching or locking mechanisms of access sides — requirements

75. The movable part of an access side of a bassinet must be held in each of its adjustment positions by means of a mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on that side or to any part of the mechanism.
  

Latching or locking mechanisms of folding bassinets — requirements

76. A folding bassinet must have a latching or locking mechanism that meets all of the following requirements:

• (a) it latches or locks automatically;
• (b) it requires two separate, deliberate and simultaneous actions by the user to unlatch or unlock it; and
• (c) it remains latched or locked when a force of 200 N is applied in any direction to any point on any part of it and prevents the bassinet from folding up or collapsing when tested in accordance with Schedule 9.
  

ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR ACCESSORIES

Openings — entrapment

77. (1) When tested in accordance with section 1 of Schedule 13, any opening that is created when an accessory is placed on or fixed to a product must not permit the passage of the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 8 unless it also permits the passage of the large head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 13.

Openings — detachment or displacement

(2) When tested in accordance with section 2 of Schedule 13, any opening that is created when an accessory detaches or is displaced from a product must not permit the passage of the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 8.

Structural integrity

78. Every sleep accessory and change table accessory must be capable of supporting the following load for a period of 60 seconds without any damage to any of its components:

• (a) in the case of a sleep accessory, a load of 24 kg that has a square base that measures 152 mm × 152 mm applied to the mattress support; and
• (b) in the case of a change table accessory, a load of 45 kg that has a square base that measures 152 mm × 152 mm applied to the surface that supports the weight of the child.
  

Height of sides — sleep accessory

79. Every side of a sleep accessory must meet the following requirements:

• (a) its lower surface must be lower than the upper surface of the mattress support;
• (b) in the case of a stationary side, its upper surface must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support; and
• (c) in the case of an access side, the upper surface of its stationary part must be at least 230 mm higher than the upper surface of the mattress support.

DOCUMENTS

Retention period

80. (1) The responsible person must keep documents that show that a crib, cradle, bassinet, accessory or stand meets the requirements of these Regulations, for a period of at least three years after the date of its manufacture in Canada or the date of its importation.

Inspection

(2) The responsible person must provide an inspector with any of the documents that the inspector requests in writing, within 15 days after they receive the request.

REPEAL

81. The Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations (see footnote 10) are repealed.

COMING INTO FORCE

Six months after publication

82. These Regulations come into force six months after the day on which they are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II.

SCHEDULE 1
(Paragraph 5(1)(b))

STANDARD SANS-SERIF TYPE

FIGURE 1

SCHEDULE 2
(Section 43)

TEST FOR STRENGTH AND INTEGRITY OF SLATS

1. The following method is to be used for testing the strength and integrity of slats:

• (a) assemble the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the crib, cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory in the manufacturer's recommended use position to a horizontal surface in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) apply a torque of 8 N•m to one of the slats at its midpoint and maintain that torque for 10 seconds;
• (d) record whether the slat turns or dislodges or is deformed or otherwise damaged;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) for every other slat;
• (f) apply a vertical upward force of 500 N at the midpoint of the top rail on one of the sides to which slats are attached and maintain the force for 30 seconds;
• (g) record whether any of the slats dislodge from the top or bottom rail or are damaged; and
• (h) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (f) and (g) for every other side to which slats are attached.
  

SCHEDULE 3
(Sections 45 and 46)

TEST FOR OPENINGS

CRIBS WITH RIGID SIDES

1. The following method is to be used for testing completely bounded openings that are located above the mattress support of a crib that has rigid sides:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (c) place a metallic loading wedge of the dimensions illustrated in Figure 1 in the opening between two adjacent slats, midway along the greatest dimension of the opening;
• (d) apply a pull force of 90 N to the eyebolt of the loading wedge in a direction perpendicular to a plane passing through the points of contact of the wedge with the two slats, and maintain the force for 10 seconds;
• (e) while applying that force, attempt to pass, without forcing, a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm ×  100 mm × 100 mm through the opening, anywhere above or below the loading wedge;
• (f) repeat the step set out in paragraph (e) with the block in all other possible orientations;
• (g) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (f) for all other openings between adjacent slats; and
• (h) attempt to pass, without forcing, a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm through every other completely bounded opening that is located above the mattress support.
  

FIGURE 1

CRIBS WITH A STRUCTURAL COVER OR TEXTILE OR OTHER PLIABLE MATERIAL SIDES

2. The following method is to be used for testing completely bounded openings that are present or that are created or exposed above or in the mattress support of a crib that has a structural cover or a textile or other pliable material side:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (c) inside the occupant retention area, place a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm against a side of the crib that is made of a textile or other pliable material in a location on the side that is
  • (i) not in contact with any rigid component of the crib, and
  • (ii) above the mattress support where the application of force is likely to create or expose a completely bounded opening;
• (d) gradually apply a force of 90 N to the block over a period of 5 seconds and maintain the force for an additional 10 seconds;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) for every other side of the crib that is made of a textile or other pliable material;
• (f) by gradually applying a force of 90 N over a period of 5 seconds and maintaining the force for an additional 10 seconds, attempt to pass the block, in all possible orientations, through any completely bounded opening that is located above or in the mattress support or that was created or exposed above or in the mattress support as a result of the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e);
• (g) if the crib has a structural cover, undo any zippers, snaps and other similar fasteners that attach it to the crib; and
• (h) repeat the step set out in paragraph (f) for every completely bounded opening that is created or exposed above or in the mattress support.
  

CRADLES, BASSINETS AND SLEEP ACCESSORIES WITH RIGID SIDES

3. The following method is to be used for testing completely bounded openings in the surfaces that form the occupant retention area of a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory that has rigid sides:

• (a) assemble the cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (c) attempt to pass, without forcing, a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm through the opening between any two adjacent slats;
• (d) repeat the step set out in paragraph (c) with the block in all other possible orientations;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) for all other openings between adjacent slats; and
• (f) attempt to pass, without forcing, a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm through every other completely bounded opening in each surface that forms the occupant retention area.
  

CRADLES, BASSINETS AND SLEEP ACCESSORIES WITH A STRUCTURAL COVER OR TEXTILE OR OTHER PLIABLE MATERIAL SIDES

4. The following method is to be used for testing completely bounded openings that are present or that are created or exposed in the surfaces that form the occupant retention area of a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory that has a structural cover or a textile or other pliable material side:

• (a) assemble the cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (c) inside the occupant retention area place a solid rectangular block with the dimensions 60 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm against a side of the product that is made of a textile or other pliable material in a location on the side that is
  • (i) not in contact with any rigid component of the product, and
  • (ii) in an area where the application of force is likely to create or expose a completely bounded opening;
• (d) gradually apply a force of 90 N to the block over a period of 5 seconds and maintain the force for an additional 10 seconds;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) for every other side of the product that is made of a textile or other pliable material;
• (f) by gradually applying a force of 90 N over a period of 5 seconds and maintaining the force for an additional 10 seconds, attempt to pass the block, in all possible orientations, through any completely bounded opening that is located in or that was created or exposed in the surfaces that form the occupant retention area as a result of the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e);
• (g) if the product has a structural cover, undo any zippers, snaps or other similar fasteners that attach it to the product; and
• (h) repeat the step set out in paragraph (f) for every completely bounded opening that is created or exposed in the surfaces that form the occupant retention area.
  

SCHEDULE 4
(Subsection 47(1))

TEST FOR STRENGTH OF MESH AND INTEGRITY OF ATTACHMENT

1. The following method is to be used for testing the strength of mesh and the integrity of its attachment to a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) place the product on a horizontal surface on its side and, if necessary, secure it by using any blocking or support that maintains its position and that does not act directly on the frame of the side that is being tested, so that the side with the mesh panel that is being tested is positioned above its opposite side;
• (c) apply a load of 9.18 kg that has a rectangular base that measures 150 mm × 75 mm to the geometric centre of the mesh panel or, if any exterior framing interferes with the test, as close as possible to the geometric centre, so that the 150-mm dimension of the load is aligned parallel to the top rail of the side that is being tested, in the following way:
  • (i) gradually apply the load over a period of 5 seconds,
  • (ii) leave the load in place for 10 seconds,
  • (iii) gradually remove the load over a period of 5 seconds, and
  • (iv) allow a recovery time of 10 seconds;
• (d) repeat the steps set out in paragraph (c) 9 times for a total of 10 applications;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) on the top portion of the mesh panel in the following way:
  • (i) align the loading block so that the 75-mm dimension is parallel with the top edge of the mesh panel, and
  • (ii) apply the load to the mesh panel so that the centre of the 75-mm dimension of the loading block is 25 mm below the centre of the top edge of the panel;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) on the bottom portion of the mesh panel in the following way:
  • (i) align the loading block so that the 75-mm dimension is parallel with the bottom edge of the mesh panel, and
  • (ii) apply the load to the mesh panel so that the centre of the 75-mm dimension of the loading block is 25 mm above the centre of the bottom edge of the panel;
• (g) if the bottom of the product has a mesh panel, place the product upside down on a horizontal surface in the manner described in paragraph (b), and repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (f); and
• (h) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (g) on every other mesh panel of the product.

SCHEDULE 5
(Subsection 47(2))

TEST FOR DETERMINATION OF MESH SIZE

1. The following method is to be used for testing the size of openings of mesh on a crib, cradle, bassinet or accessory:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test; and
• (b) using a probe that has a diameter of 6.3 mm and a hemispherical tip, attempt to pass the tip of the probe through openings in the mesh at 10 evenly distributed locations by gradually applying a force of 22 N to the probe perpendicularly to the plane of the mesh.

SCHEDULE 6
(Subsections 49(1) and (2))

TEST FOR ENTANGLEMENT

CRIBS AND STANDS

1. The following method is to be used for determining whether a projection, fastener or mechanism of a crib or stand that is located above the mattress support or that protrudes above it poses an entanglement hazard:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test, and if the product is a stand, put a crib on it that is designed or advertised to be used with that stand;
• (b) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (c) select a projection, fastener or mechanism to be tested that is located inside or outside of the occupant retention area and above the mattress support;
• (d) place the loop of the entanglement tester illustrated in Figure 1 over the projection, fastener or mechanism to be tested at an angle of approximately 45° above the horizontal;
• (e) pull on the tester with a force of 90 N for 10 seconds and record whether it remains caught on the projection, fastener or mechanism after that time;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) and (e) with the entanglement tester in every other possible orientation to the projection, fastener or mechanism;
• (g) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (f) with the entanglement tester at an angle of approximately 45° below the horizontal; and
• (h) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (g) for every other projection, fastener and mechanism of the crib and stand that is located above the mattress support or that protrudes above it.
  

CRADLES, BASSINETS, SLEEP ACCESSORIES AND STANDS

2. The following method is to be used for determining whether a projection, fastener or mechanism that is located in the occupant retention area of a cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory poses an entanglement hazard, or whether a projection, fastener or mechanism of a stand that protrudes into the occupant retention area poses such a hazard:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test, and if the product is a stand, put a cradle or bassinet on it that is designed or advertised to be used with that stand;
• (b) if the product is a sleep accessory, place it in the manufacturer's recommended use position on the product — or fix it in that position to the product — according to the manufacturer's instructions;
• (c) if the mattress support is adjustable, adjust it to its lowest position;
• (d) select a projection, fastener or mechanism to be tested that is located inside or that protrudes into the occupant retention area;
• (e) place the loop of the entanglement tester illustrated in Figure 1 over the projection, fastener or mechanism to be tested at an angle of approximately 45° above the horizontal;
• (f) pull on the tester with a force of 90 N for 10 seconds and record whether it remains caught on the projection, fastener or mechanism after that time;
• (g) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (e) and (f) with the entanglement tester in every other possible orientation to the projection, fastener or mechanism;
• (h) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (e) to (g) with the entanglement tester at an angle of approximately 45° below the horizontal; and
• (i) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (h) for every other projection, fastener and mechanism of the cradle, bassinet or sleep accessory and stand that is located inside or that protrudes into the occupant retention area.

FIGURE 1

SCHEDULE 7
(Section 51)

SMALL PARTS CYLINDER

FIGURE 1

SCHEDULE 8
(Sections 55 and 77)

TEST FOR LOOPS

CRIBS, CRADLES, BASSINETS, SLEEP ACCESSORIES AND STANDS

1. The following method is to be used for testing a loop formed by a cord, strap or other similar item that is attached to a crib, cradle, bassinet, sleep accessory or stand:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test, and if the product is a stand, put a crib, cradle or bassinet on it that is designed or advertised to be used with that stand;
• (b) if the product is a sleep accessory, place it in the manufacturer's recommended use position on the product — or fix it in that position to the product — according to the manufacturer's instructions;
• (c) select a loop to be tested and, while holding it open to its maximum diameter, attempt to pass the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 through the loop;
• (d) if a loop that allows the passage of the probe is outside the occupant retention area, apply a pull force of 22 N to the loop to attempt to pull it into the occupant retention area;
• (e) release the force and observe whether the loop remains inside the occupant retention area; and
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e) for every other loop.

CHANGE TABLE ACCESSORIES

2. The following method is to be used for testing a cord, strap or other similar item that is designed to restrain a child and that is attached to a change table accessory:

• (a) assemble the crib, cradle or bassinet and the change table accessory according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) place the accessory in the manufacturer's recommended use position on the product — or fix it in that position to the product — according to the manufacturer's instructions;
• (c) select a cord, strap or other similar item to be tested and, with it unfastened, apply a push or pull force to it of at most 111 N and attempt to pass it into the occupant retention area through an opening in the accessory, and if a loop forms inside the occupant retention area, hold the loop open to its maximum diameter and attempt to pass the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 through it;
• (d) repeat the step set out in paragraph (c) for any other cord, strap or similar item;
• (e) if two cords, straps or other similar items pass into the occupant retention area, adjust them to their greatest length and fasten them together according to the manufacturer's instructions to form a loop, and while holding the loop open to its maximum diameter, attempt to pass the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 through it;
• (f) if two cords, straps or similar items can be fastened together, fasten them and repeat the step set out in paragraph (c);
• (g) drape the loop that is formed by the fastened cords, straps or other similar items over the side of the accessory so that it hangs inside the occupant retention area and, while holding the loop open to its maximum diameter, attempt to pass the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 through the part of the loop that is inside the occupant retention area; and
• (h) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (g) for every possible combination of opening and cord, strap or similar item.
  

FIGURE 1

SCHEDULE 9
(Sections 58, 63, 67, 71, 73 and 76)

TEST FOR STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

CRIBS

1. The following method is to be used for testing the structural integrity of a crib under dynamic conditions:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the crib to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) place on the mattress support a test mattress that has the following characteristics:
  • (i) is made of polyurethane foam that is 76 mm thick and that has a density of 30 kg/m³ ± 6 kg/m³ and a 25% indentation force deflection (IFD) of 144 N ± 30 N,
  • (ii) has dimensions that are no more than 25 mm narrower than the interior dimensions of the crib, and
  • (iii) is covered with a tight-fitting 8- to 12-gauge vinyl material;
• (d) using a 20-kg test load of the dimensions illustrated in Figure 1, cause the load to fall freely onto the geometric centre of the surface of the test mattress from a height of 150 mm above its upper surface, measured at the outset of the test;
• (e) retract the load after 2 seconds;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) and (e) 149 times at the rate of one impact every 4 seconds for a total of 150 impacts;
• (g) record any damage to the crib, any disengagement or permanent deformation of its latching or locking mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners;
• (h) without readjusting the mattress support, repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (g) at each mattress support mechanism, causing the load to fall at a point that is 150 mm from the innermost surface of each of the nearest crib sides, measured from the geometric centre of the load; and
• (i) if the crib has any access sides, repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (g) at the midpoint along the edge of the mattress support beside each access side, causing the load to fall at a point that is 150 mm from the side, measured from the geometric centre of the load.
  

FIGURE 1

2. The following method is to be used for testing the structural integrity of a crib under horizontal force conditions:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the crib to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) place the movable part of any access sides of the crib in the adjustment position that is designed to provide accommodation for an unattended child;
• (d) apply a horizontal force of 120 N perpendicularly to any point midway along the length of one of the sides of the crib, not more than 50 mm from its upper edge, in a back-and-forth motion at a frequency of 150 cycles per minute for a total of 9,000 cycles;
• (e) record any damage to the crib, any disengagement or permanent deformation of its latching or locking mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners; and
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e) for every other side of the crib.

3. The following method is to be used for testing the structural integrity of a crib under vertical force conditions:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the crib to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) place the movable part of any access sides of the crib in the adjustment position that is designed to provide accommodation for an unattended child;
• (d) apply a vertical force of 120 N to the midpoint of the upper edge of one of the sides, in an up-and-down motion at a frequency of 150 cycles per minute for a total of 9,000 cycles;
• (e) record any damage to the crib, any disengagement or permanent deformation of its latching or locking mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners; and
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e) for every other side of the crib.

CRADLES

4. The following method is to be used for testing the structural integrity of a cradle under dynamic conditions:

• (a) assemble the cradle according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the cradle to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) place on the mattress support a test mattress that has the following characteristics:
  • (i) is made of polyurethane foam that is 76 mm thick and that has a density of 30 kg/m³ ± 6 kg/m³ and a 25% indentation force deflection (IFD) of 144 N ± 30 N,
  • (ii) has dimensions that are no more than 25 mm shorter nor 25 mm narrower than the respective interior dimensions of the cradle, and
  • (iii) is covered with a tight-fitting 8- to 12-gauge vinyl material;
• (d) using a load of 13.7 kg that has a square base that measures 305 mm × 305 mm, cause the load to fall freely onto the geometric centre of the surface of the test mattress from a height of 150 mm above its upper surface, measured at the outset of the test;
• (e) retract the load after 2 seconds;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) and (e) 499 times at the rate of one impact every 4 seconds for a total of 500 impacts; and
• (g) record any damage to the cradle, any disengagement or permanent deformation of its latching or locking mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners.
  

BASSINETS

5. The following method is to be used for testing the structural integrity of a bassinet under static conditions:

• (a) assemble the bassinet according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) if a removable mattress is supplied with the bassinet, remove it;
• (c) set up the bassinet in one of the following ways:
  • (i) if the bassinet is elevated by an integral supporting structure, place it on a horizontal surface,
  • (ii) if the bassinet is designed to be used both with and without a stand, put the bassinet on a stand in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and place the stand on a horizontal surface,
  • (iii) if the bassinet has one or more handles, hang the bassinet from its handles above a horizontal surface, and
  • (iv) if the bassinet has no handles, no integral supporting structure and no stand, elevate the bassinet above a horizontal surface in a way that the blocking or other support used to hold it in the elevated position does not act directly on the bassinet's mattress support;
• (d) identify the areas on the mattress support that are most likely to be damaged by the application of the test load, and mark them as the areas to be tested;
• (e) apply a load of 24 kg that has a square base that measures 152 mm × 152 mm to one of the marked areas, and maintain the load for 60 seconds;
• (f) repeat the step set out in paragraph (e) for all other marked areas;
• (g) record any damage to the bassinet or any of its components; and
• (h) if the bassinet can be set up in more than one way described in paragraph (c), repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (g) for each possible way.

SCHEDULE 10
(Sections 59 and 68)

TEST OF MATTRESS SUPPORT

CRIBS

1. The following method is to be used for testing the mattress support of a crib:

• (a) assemble the crib according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the crib to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) apply an upward push force of 250 N to the lower surface of the mattress support, as close as possible to and within a radius of 150 mm from one of the mattress support mechanisms, and maintain the force for 60 seconds;
• (d) record any dislodging of the mattress support, any disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners;
• (e) readjust the mattress support to its original position, if necessary;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e) for every other mattress support mechanism;
• (g) repeat the step set out in paragraph (c) for all of the mattress support mechanisms simultaneously;
• (h) record any dislodging of the mattress support, any disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners;
• (i) readjust the mattress support to its original position, if necessary;
• (j) apply a force of 200 N in any direction to one of the mattress support mechanisms in a manner that could cause disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanism or loosening of the mattress support fasteners;
• (k) record any dislodging of the mattress support, any disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners;
• (l) readjust the mattress support to its original position, if necessary; and
• (m) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (j) to (l) for every other mattress support mechanism.

CRADLES

2. The following method is to be used for testing the mattress support of a cradle:

• (a) assemble the cradle according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) secure the cradle to a horizontal surface with the mattress support in its lowest position and in a manner that will not interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (c) apply an upward push force of 250 N to the lower surface of the mattress support, as close as possible to and within a radius of 150 mm from one of the mattress support mechanisms, and maintain the force for 60 seconds;
• (d) record any dislodging of the mattress support, any disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners;
• (e) readjust the mattress support to its original position, if necessary;
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) to (e) for every other mattress support mechanism;
• (g) repeat the step set out in paragraph (c) for all of the mattress support mechanisms simultaneously; and
• (h) record any dislodging of the mattress support, any disengagement or permanent deformation of the mechanisms and any loosening of its fasteners.

SCHEDULE 11
(Section 64)

STATIC LOAD TEST OF SLAT STRENGTH

1. The following method is to be used for testing the strength of crib slats under a static load:

• (a) select and mark for testing slats that make up 25% of the slats of the crib, rounded up to the nearest whole number of slats, and that
  • (i) based on their geometry, offer the least resistance to deflection,
  • (ii) are not adjacent to another slat being tested, and
  • (iii) are not end vertical rails that are joined to both the top and bottom horizontal rails of a side;
• (b) select a slat to be tested, and place the side of the crib to which the slat belongs in such a way that it is rigidly supported at a point located within 76 mm of each end of its top and bottom horizontal rails in a manner that does not interfere with any deflection of the slats under applied force;
• (c) over a period of at least 2 seconds but not more than 5 seconds, using a force-measuring device that has a contact area with a width of 25.4 mm ± 1.6 mm and a length at least equal to the width of the slat being tested, gradually apply a force of 356 N perpendicular to the horizontal rails, at the midpoint of the slat, and maintain the force for 10 seconds;
• (d) record whether the slat breaks or separates from the horizontal rails under a force of 267 N or less;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (d) on every other slat marked for testing;
• (f) record whether more than one slat breaks or separates from the horizontal rails under a force of more than 267 N but less than 356 N;
• (g) if only a single slat breaks or separates from the horizontal rails under a force of more than 267 N but less than 356 N, select a further 25% of the slats of the crib for testing that meet the criteria set out in subparagraphs (a)(i) to (iii) and repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (e); and
• (h) record whether any single slat of the additional 25% of slats selected under paragraph (g) breaks or separates from the horizontal rails under a force of 356 N or less.

SCHEDULE 12
(Sections 66 and 72)

TEST FOR STABILITY OF CRADLES, BASSINETS AND STANDS

1. The following method is to be used for testing the stability of a cradle or bassinet or of a stand when it is used with such a product:

• (a) assemble the product according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) set up a horizontal test surface with an aluminum angle stop that is, subject to paragraph (c), 25 mm high and 25 mm wide and that is at least 150 mm longer than the product that is being tested;
• (c) if the cradle or bassinet has a rocking base, the angle stop must be of a height that, when the product is tilted, no part of its rounded base moves on top of the angle stop;
• (d) position the product in one of the manufacturer's recommended use positions and place it against the angle stop;
• (e) place a CAMI Newborn Dummy with its arms and legs straightened and face-up on the centre of the appropriate mattress, or in the case of a product that is designed to be used without a mattress, on the centre of the surface that supports the weight of the child;
• (f) gradually apply a 10-kg static vertical load over a period of 5 seconds to the location along the upper horizontal rail on the side that is closest to the angle stop that is most likely to tip the product over;
• (g) while maintaining the vertical load, gradually apply a horizontal force of 22 N in the direction of the angle stop, over a period of 5 seconds, to the same location where the vertical load is applied;
• (h) maintain both the vertical load and the horizontal force for a further 10 seconds;
• (i) rotate the product 90° and repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (h);
• (j) repeat the step set out in paragraph (i) twice more;
• (k) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (d) to (j) in all other manufacturer's recommended use positions; and
• (l) if the cradle or bassinet can be used with a stand, put it on the stand according to the stand manufacturer's instructions and repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (k).
  

SCHEDULE 13
(Section 77)

ENTRAPMENT IN ACCESSORIES TEST METHOD

1. The following method is to be used for testing openings that are created when an accessory is placed on or fixed to a product:

• (a) assemble the crib, cradle or bassinet and the accessory or accessories to be tested, according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) fix the accessory or combination of accessories to the product — or place it or them on the product — in one of the manufacturer's recommended use positions according to the manufacturer's instructions, and identify any openings that are created in the occupant retention area that are likely to permit the passage of the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 8 but not the large head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of this Schedule;
• (c) rotate the small head probe to the orientation that is most likely to permit its passage through one of the identified openings, and from within the occupant retention area of the product gradually apply an upward or outward force of 111 N to the probe over a period of 5 seconds, then maintain the force for 10 seconds;
• (d) if the small head probe can pass entirely through the opening, repeat the steps set out in paragraph (c) using the large head probe and attempt to pass it, without forcing it, through the opening in any orientation;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) for every other identified opening; and
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (e) in all other manufacturer's recommended use positions.

FIGURE 1

2. The following method is to be used for testing openings that are created by the detachment or displacement of an accessory from a product:

• (a) assemble the crib, cradle or bassinet and the accessory or accessories to be tested, according to the manufacturer's instructions, omitting any attachments that could interfere with the conduct of the test;
• (b) fix the accessory or combination of accessories to the product — or place it or them on the product — in one of the manufacturer's recommended use positions according to the manufacturer's instructions, and identify the locations on the accessory that are most likely to detach or become displaced and thereby create an opening in the occupant retention area of the product;
• (c) using a pad that has a tip with a diameter of 50 mm gradually apply, from within the occupant retention area of the product, an upward or outward force of 111 N over a period of 5 seconds to one of the identified locations;
• (d) if an opening is created, attempt to pass the small head probe illustrated in Figure 1 of Schedule 8, without forcing it, through the opening in any orientation;
• (e) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (c) and (d) by applying the force to the other identified locations; and
• (f) repeat the steps set out in paragraphs (b) to (e) in all other manufacturer's recommended use positions.
  

[30-1-o]