Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 150, Number 15: Designation of Regulatory Provisions for Purposes of Enforcement (Canada Wildlife Act) Regulations
April 9, 2016
Statutory authority
Canada Wildlife Act
Sponsoring department
Department of the Environment
REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT
(This statement is not part of the Regulations.)
Issues
The Environmental Enforcement Act (EEA) (see footnote 1) received royal assent on June 18, 2009, and introduces a new fine regime to be applied by courts following a successful prosecution pursuant to any of the nine environmental statutes that the EEA amends. (see footnote 2) Under the new regime, designated offences involving direct harm or risk of harm to the environment, or obstruction of authority, are subject to minimum fines and an increased range of fines.
The EEA explicitly identifies the statutory provisions that, if contravened, subject an offender to the new fine regime; however, it does not identify which provisions of regulations made under those statutes, if contravened, impose the new regime. Rather, the EEA amends the nine environmental statutes referenced herein to provide the necessary authority to identify such provisions by regulation. Regulations are thus required to identify regulatory offences under the Canada Wildlife Act (CWA) that would be subject to the new fine regime established by the EEA.
Objectives
The objectives of the proposed Designation of Regulatory Provisions for Purposes of Enforcement (Canada Wildlife Act) Regulations (the proposed Regulations) are to implement the fine regime introduced by the EEA and designate regulatory offences under the CWA, in order to give guidance to the courts to ensure that fines reflect the seriousness of designated offences and the principles of sentencing under the CWA. (see footnote 3)
Description
The proposed Regulations would designate regulatory offences, under the CWA, involving direct harm or risk of harm to the environment, or obstruction of authority, that would be subject to the minimum fines and increased range of fines introduced under the EEA (see Table 1). Offences proposed for designation include offences under the Wildlife Area Regulations.
Table 1: Fines for designated offences (see note a)
| Offender | Summary Conviction | Conviction on Indictment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum Fine | Maximum Fine | Minimum Fine | Maximum Fine | |
| Individuals | $5,000 | $300,000 | $15,000 | $1,000,000 |
| Small revenue corporations (see note b) | $25,000 | $2,000,000 | $75,000 | $4,000,000 |
| Corporations or other persons | $100,000 | $4,000,000 | $500,000 | $6,000,000 |
- Note a
The fine amounts shown in this table are for first offences. The applicable fine doubles in each case for a second or subsequent offence. - Note b
Small revenue corporations are considered to be corporations with revenues under $5,000,000 in the 12 months preceding the offence in question.
The contravention of a regulatory provision designated under the proposed Regulations would not necessarily lead to a prosecution. Rather, the enforcement officer would continue to determine the enforcement measures to be applied to a given contravention, based on due consideration of what is most appropriate in the circumstances. In cases involving minor situations of non- compliance, a warning, compliance order, ticket or administrative monetary penalty may be appropriate. (see footnote 4) In these cases, the fine regime described in Table 1 would not apply. In cases involving a serious level of non- compliance, however, prosecution may be the proper avenue for enforcement purposes. In such cases, the fine regime described in Table 1 would apply upon conviction.
“One-for-One” Rule
The “One-for-One” Rule does not apply to this regulatory proposal, as there is no change in administrative costs incurred by business.
Small business lens
The small business lens does not apply to this regulatory proposal, as there are no costs (or insignificant costs) incurred by small business.
Consultation
No formal consultation was held prior to the publication of the proposed Regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part I, since they would not impose any incremental administrative or compliance costs on the public, the federal government, indigenous peoples or other stakeholders (i.e. consumers or industries).
On December 15, 2012, the proposed Regulations were published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, for a 30-day public comment period. No concerns were expressed during this comment period. The Department of the Environment (the Department) responded to four submissions following the comment period that were received from partners and stakeholders requesting additional information and clarification on the purpose of the proposed Regulations and how they would be implemented.
Given the lapse of time from their original publication, the proposed Regulations have been republished in the Canada Gazette, Part I, to initiate a 60-day comment period during which interested parties are invited to submit their written comments.
Rationale
The proposed Regulations are necessary to implement the new fine regime introduced by the EEA for the CWA and would help ensure that court-imposed fines reflect the seriousness of offences under the CWA. There are minimal impacts directly associated with the proposed Regulations, however, as they neither amend existing obligations or requirements, nor impose new obligations or requirements on the public, or other partners or stakeholders. No additional administrative or compliance burden would be incurred by any industry or small business as a result of the proposed Regulations.
Strategic environmental assessment
As required by the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, a preliminary scan was conducted and it was concluded that there would be no expected important environmental effects, either positive or negative; ac- cordingly, a strategic environmental assessment is not required. (see footnote 5)
Implementation, enforcement and service standards
The proposed Regulations would implement the new fine regime for designated regulatory provisions under the CWA. Given that the proposed Regulations do not impose any new or additional obligation or requirement on the public or other stakeholders, they do not result in the development of any new program or service. Therefore, developing an implementation plan or establishing service standards is not necessary.
As of 2010, the Minister of the Environment is required to undertake a review every 10 years of all penalty and sentencing provisions under the CWA, in accordance with section 18.4 of that Act. The effectiveness of the fine regime implemented by the proposed Regulations would be assessed as part of these reviews, using the Department's existing enforcement database and systems to gather data on relevant factors such as fine amounts.
Contacts
Laura Farquharson
Executive Director
Legislative Governance Division
Legislative and Regulatory Affairs Directorate
Environmental Stewardship Branch
Department of the Environment
351 Saint-Joseph Boulevard
Gatineau, Quebec
K1A 0H3
Fax: 819-420-7391
Email: ec.legis.gov.ec@canada.ca
Yves Bourassa
Director
Regulatory Analysis and Valuation Division
Economic Analysis Directorate
Strategic Policy Branch
Department of the Environment
200 Sacré-Cœur Boulevard
Gatineau, Quebec
K1A 0H3
Email: ec.darv-ravd.ec@canada.ca
PROPOSED REGULATORY TEXT
Notice is given that the Governor in Council, pursuant to paragraph 12(k) (see footnote a) of the Canada Wildlife Act (see footnote b), proposes to make the annexed Designation of Regulatory Provisions for Purposes of Enforcement (Canada Wildlife Act) Regulations.
Interested persons may make representations with respect to the proposed Regulations to the Minister of the Environment within 60 days after the date of publication of this notice. All such representations must cite the Canada Gazette, Part I, and the date of publication of this notice, and be addressed to Laura Farquharson, Executive Director, Legislative Governance, Department of the Environment, Gatineau, Quebec K1A 0H3 (fax: 819-420-7391; email: ec.legis.gov.ec@canada.ca).
Ottawa, March 24, 2016
Jurica Čapkun
Assistant Clerk of the Privy Council
Designation of Regulatory Provisions for Purposes of Enforcement (Canada Wildlife Act) Regulations
Designated provisions
1 The provisions set out in the schedule are designated for the purposes of paragraph 13(1)(b) of the Canada Wildlife Act.
Coming into force
2 These Regulations come into force on the day on which subsection 47(2) of the Environmental Enforcement Act, chapter 14 of the Statutes of Canada, 2009, comes into force, but if they are registered after that day, they come into force on the day on which they are registered.
SCHEDULE
(Section 1)
| Item | Column 1 Regulations |
Column 2 Provisions |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wildlife Area Regulations |
|
[15-1-o]